定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词
②关系代词：在从句中做 主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）
③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)
He is a teacher who works at our school.
2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.
He has two sons, who work in the same company.
He has two sons who work in the same company.
(Perhaps he has two more sons)
She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)
He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)
(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略
Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.
Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）
Who is the man that is shouting there?
She is not the girl that she used to be.
③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰
This is the very person that we are looking for.
①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等
Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.
②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who
Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
There are many young men who are against him.
Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.
She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.
The pen with which you write is Jack’s.
③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.
①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等
She did all that she could to help us.
②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时
This is the very book that I want.
She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.
This is the best book that I have ever read.
This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.
⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用that
He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用that
Who is the person that is standing at the gate?
(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
常用于以下句型当中：Such/so….. as…. 像…..一样 the same …. as… 和…...同样的
A computer is so useful a machine as we can use everyday.
He is not the same man as he was.
(2)引导非限制性定语从句，此时译为“正如，像”等。可以放在句首，句中或句末。
As I remember, there were a net bar here.
Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.
★the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别
This is the same bike that I lost yesterday. (同一事物)
This is the same bike as I lost yesterday. （同类事物）
(1)When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的time, day等
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. (when=on which)
(2)Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的place, spot等
Can you tell me the office where he works?
(3)Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason.
I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent.
★ Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名词如case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地步）等
What are the situations where body language is the only form of communication?
在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。(此时where = in which)
(1)way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式 that / in which / 不填
The way in which / that / 不填 he explains the sentence to us is quite simple.
比较：The way which /that/不填 he told to us was quite simple.
time表示“次数”时，用关系代词that引导定语从句
This is the first time that the president has visited the country.
time作“一段时间” 讲时，应用关系副词when
This was the time when there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets
★此时when = during which 在..期间
(3)先行词reason当在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的4种引导方式 why/for which/that/不填
This is the reason why/for which/that/不填 he can not come here.
比较：Is this the reason that/which/不填he explained to us for his absence from the conference.
★reason 在定语从句中做explain的宾语
★该结构的关系代词只有两种即 介词+which（指物） 介词+whom（指人）
This is the book on which I spent $ 8.
This is the book for which I paid $ 8.
I remember the days during which I lived there.
I remember the day on which I graduated from university.
The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen.
(4)英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。
Here is the money with which to buy the piano.
She is the right person on whom to depend
The person (whom/who/that) you will write to is Todd.
②有些含有介词的动词短语介词不能提前如look for/after; take care of; send for; hear from/of/about deal with等
This is the baby that you will look after.
(1)当先行词是 one of + 复数名词，定语从句的位于动词要用复数形式
The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that draw lots of visitor every year.
(2)当先行词是 the only + one of +复数名词，从句谓语用单数形式
The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon.
(3)先行词如果是整个句子，定语从句的谓语动词用单数
Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all.
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.
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