今天要分享的是高中应用文写作中如何表达问题、利弊、理由、重要性和建议。这些表达特别适用于求助信、投诉信、建议信、劝慰信、推荐信、倡议书、演讲稿等文体，话不多说，直接上干货。

 

第1组

   

描述学习/生活问题/现象(求助信、投诉信、短文、博文、演讲稿、倡议书)

   

 

公式1 Sth.＋动词＋sb. (most)/It＋动词＋sb. (most)＋that从句/What＋动词＋sb. (most)＋be＋名词/that从句　让某人最烦恼/担忧/失望的是……

适用该句式的相关动词还有：annoy、 bother、 concern、 disappoint、 trouble、 upset、 worry，frustrate

例：What disappoints me most is the constant device failures, which lead to delays in my work.最令我失望的是设备不断的故障，延误了我的工作。

例：It frustrates me most that my efforts often go unrecognized.最让我懊恼的是，我的努力常常不被认可。

例：I'm writing to ask you to give me a hand in solving the problem that has been bothering me lately。我写信是想请你帮我解决最近困扰我的问题。

公式2 Sb.＋ find/feel ＋ it＋ hard ＋(for sb./sth.) to do　某人发现/觉得做……很难

其他代替hard的表达：challenging、 difficult、 demanding、 not easy、 tough、 a struggle

例：[2023·全国乙卷]Even with many attempts, I find it not easy to cook a tasty meal.即使尝试多次，我发现做好一顿美味的饭菜绝非易事。

例：Due to my limited vocabulary, I find it really a struggle to express my ideas accurately.由于我词汇量有限，我很难准确地表达我的想法。

公式3 There be a growing/widespread concern over＋n.　人们越来越担忧/普遍担忧……

名词可以为a problem/phenomenon, 其后用that引导的同位语从句补充说明problem/phenomenon

例：There is a growing concern over the threat posed by the addiction to the computer.人们越来越担忧电脑成瘾对我们构成的威胁。

例：There is a widespread concern over the problem that many teenagers are living under stress. 许多青少年生活在压力之下，这一问题受到了广泛关注。

公式4 A＋形容词＋problem/phenomenon is＋that 从句　一个……的问题是……

形容词可用： common、 serious等；谓语可换为： has emerged/arisen

例：A common phenomenon of the modern city is that many people in cities know little about their neighbors.现代城市的一个常见现象是，很多城市居民对自己的邻居知之甚少。

例：A common phenomenon is that an increasing number of people choose to take trips to nearby destinations during their holidays. 一个普遍的现象是，越来越多的人选择在假期去周边短途旅行。

 

第2组

   

利弊(短文、博文、演讲稿、反馈信)

   

 

公式5 One of the ＋复数名词/A(n)＋单数名词＋is that＋句子　……的优/缺点之一是……

复数名词： advantages、 benefits、 disadvantages、 drawbacks

例：One of the problems is that excessive online activities make it difficult to focus on other aspects of life.其中一个问题是，过度的网络活动使人们难以专注于生活的其他方面。

例：A big problem in some places is that tourists disturb the local people's life.一些地方的一个大问题是游客扰乱了当地人的生活。

公式6 Although/Though/While 从句，＋主句　尽管/无论……，……

Undoubtedly＋句子(说明好处), but/yet ＋句子(说明问题)

让步状语从句说明好处，主句说明缺点； undoubtedly 可换为without doubt

例：While online learning offers significant advantages, its drawbacks can not be overlooked.虽然在线学习有很大的优势，其缺点也不容忽视。

例：Undoubtedly, tourism contributes to the local economy and creates job opportunities, but it may also bring some problems. 毫无疑问，旅游业促进了当地经济并创造了就业机会，但它也可能带来一些问题。

 

 

 

第3组

   

理由/原因(建议信、感谢信、道歉信、短文、博文、演讲稿、倡议书)

   

 

“前因＋后果”的句式

公式7　主句， which＋“导致/使得/允许/影响”的动词(短语)/主句，＋(thus) doing ...

动词(短语): allow、 affect、 enable、 influence、 make、 contribute to、 lead to、 result in

例：[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷建议信]Group beginners with intermediate learners and advanced students together, thus promoting shared learning and strengthening friendships. 将初学者与中级学习者及高级学生分为一组，从而促进共同学习并加强友谊。

例：Reading and applying words play an important part in one's life, making them well­educated men. 读书并学以致用在人的生活中起着重要的作用，使他们成为受过良好教育的人。

公式8 As/Because/Since/Now that＋句子，主句/With复合结构，主句　因为……

表“原因”还可用： considering、 given that; 也可以用介词短语： due to、 owing to、 on account of、 thanks to

例：[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷建议信]Given that both members might not be fluent, this could minimize their motivation to improve.考虑到两个组员(的口语)可能都不流利，这可能会降低他们提高口语的积极性。

例：Students tend to favor visual and auditory activities, because/as they often appear more enjoyable and relaxing. 学生们往往喜欢视觉和听觉活动，因为它们通常更令人愉快和放松。

公式9 So＋形容词＋be＋主语＋that＋句子　如此……以至于……

写作“杀手锏”倒装句之一，“so＋副词”置于句首，也要部分倒装；类似句式such ... that ...

例：[2022·全国甲卷短文]So important is the ocean that we should protect it for our future generations.海洋是如此重要，我们应该为我们的后代保护它。

例：So successful is the exchange that our mutual understanding is enhanced and our friendship is strengthened. 交流如此成功，以至于我们的相互理解得到加强，友谊得到加深。

公式10 The reason why ... is that .../That is because ...……的原因是……/那是因为……

That is why ... 那是……的原因(前因后果)

例：The reason why I recommend you to choose the hotel is that it is well equipped.我推荐您选择这家酒店的原因是它设备齐全。

 

第4组

   

重要性(建议信、短文、博文、演讲稿、倡议书)

   

 

公式11 It be＋adj.＋to do/that 从句/What＋be＋adj.＋be＋n./that从句　(做)……重要

可用于该句式中的形容词：essential、 necessary、 important、 vital、 crucial、 urgent

例：It is essential to prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life.防止这些有害习惯主导青少年的生活至关重要。

例：What is important is that/It is important that we start encouraging kindness and respect to others. 重要的是，我们开始鼓励对他人的善良和尊重。

公式12 What counts/matters is ＋名词/that ... 或It be ... that counts/matters　重要的是……

例：[2022·全国甲卷短文]What counts is that we individuals do our part to protect the ocean. 重要的是，我们每个人都为保护海洋尽自己的一份力量。

例：It is the unity of people all over the worldthat matters/counts most in protecting our earth.全球人民的团结对保护地球最重要。

公式13 主语＋cannot emphasize/stress the importance of ... enough/too much　再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过

被动也很吸睛： The importance of ... cannot be stressed too much

例：We cannot emphasize the significance of ocean conservation too much, as the ocean plays a critical role in maintaining the balance of nature. 我们再怎么强调保护海洋的重要性也不为过，因为海洋在维持自然生态平衡方面起着至关重要的作用。

例：The importance of morning reading can never be stressed/emphasized too much.再怎么强调晨读的重要性也不为过。

 

第5组

   

建议/措施(建议信、劝慰信、推荐信、演讲稿、短文、博文、倡议书)

   

 

公式14 主语＋suggest ＋ doing/that 从句/It is suggested that .../What is strongly suggested is that .../One/Another suggestion is that ... 建议做……

that从句中用动词原形或“should ＋do”，如表示推荐，suggest换为recommend

例：[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷建议信]I suggest giving us the freedom to choose our partner, thus fostering better communication and facilitating mutual learning. 我建议给予我们选择搭档的自由，从而促进更好的沟通和相互学习。

例：I recommend choosing Li Bai's poems since they're full of imagination, thus striking a chord with the audience. 我推荐选李白的诗歌，因为他的诗歌充满了想象力，因此能够与观众产生共鸣。

公式15 It is advisable to do .../It would be (more) beneficial if ＋句子　……是可取的/如果……是(更)有意义的

如是第二或第三条建议， beneficial前加more

例：[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷建议信]Were it possible, it would be even more beneficial if we were allowed to select our partner. 如果可能的话，允许我们选择自己的搭档，那就更有益了。

例：When it comes to poems,it is advisable to grasp the meaningfirst, then try to recite the whole poem. 读诗时，最好先理解意思，然后再背诵整首诗。

公式16 Equally important/crucial/advisable is ＋n./to do ...　同样重要/实用/可取的是……

例：Equally important is to have a good conversation with your parents, which is beneficial to your relationship.同样重要的是和你的父母好好谈谈，这对你们的关系是有益的。

例：Equally crucial is the need for them to comprehend various job types and the qualities required. 同样重要的是，他们需要了解各种工作类型和所需的素质。

公式17 It＋动词(短语)＋to do……是值得的/有意义的

例：Whenever you feel tired or depressed, it pays to spare some time to have fun with your families and friends.每当你感到疲倦或沮丧时，抽出一些时间与你的家人和朋友玩得开心是值得的。

例：It makes sense to seek assistance from Chinese experts in order to identify errors and correct them. 寻求中国专家的帮助，找出错误并加以纠正是有道理的。

 

请点击输入图片描述（最多18字）

 

 

 

当堂练习：

（一）（2024·广东深圳·三模）假定你是李华，你校交换生Mike准备参加“厉害了，中国”(Amazing China) 短视频大赛，特发邮件向你征询视频创意。请给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1．提出建议； 2．阐明理由。

注意：

1．写作词数应为 80 左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

参考范文：

Dear Mike,

Learning you’re going to sign up for the short video competition on the theme of Amazing China, I’m writing to share my ideas with you.

If I were you, I would not hesitate to shoot a short video about China’s smart agriculture. Nowadays, you can see modern farmers using cutting-edge technologies and devices for agricultural production, monitoring and management. Thanks to this, the efficiency is greatly improved and the country’s grain security is guaranteed. Therefore, I’m convinced that showing the enormous changes in Chinese agriculture will hold much appeal for the viewers.

May your entry stand out in the competition!

Yours,

Li Hua

【高分句型1】If I were you, I would not hesitate to shoot a short video about China’s smart agriculture.运用了虚拟语气

【高分句型2】Therefore, I’m convinced that showing the enormous changes in Chinese agriculture will hold much appeal for the viewers.运用了that引导的宾语从句和动名词短语作主语

（二）（2024·浙江绍兴·三模）假如你是李华，你的英国朋友John 来信说他们学校要组织中英文化交流项目，他要负责策划学校举办的中国文化节，但不知道如何将文化节办好，请你给他回信提一些建议，内容包括：

1.活动项目和意义；2.你给对方的鼓励。

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

参考范文：

Dear John,

Hearing that you are in charge of holding the Chinese Culture Festival at school, I’m writing to give you some advice.

To begin with, it’s highly recommended that the festival should consist of paper-cutting, calligraphy and Chinese art paintings, which indicate Chinese traditional culture and convey the beauty of Chinese art. Additionally, some Chinese activities, Lion Dancing for example, can be included to motivate students’love for Chinese culture. To sum up, the programme not only gives your peers deep insight into Chinese culture but builds up interaction between British and Chinese people.

I hope my ad vice will be of help to you and I’m looking forward to your good news.

Yours,

Li Hua

【高分句型1】Hearing that you are in charge of holding the Chinese Culture Festival at school, I’m writing to give you some advice.运用了现在分词Hearing作原因状语以及that引导的宾语从句

【高分句型2】To begin with, it’s highly recommended that the festival should consist of paper-cutting, calligraphy and Chinese art paintings, which indicate Chinese traditional culture and convey the beauty of Chinese art. 运用了固定句型it’s highly recommended that...以及which引导的非限制性定语从句

来源 | 米粒儿英语 明师俱乐部，版权归原作者所有，如有侵权联系删除

 

 

 

 

 

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