1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句) (1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) (2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语 He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) (3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略 Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in. 比较： Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略） 2.先行词是人(that/who的区别) (1)用that的情况 ①以疑问词who开头的句子中 Who is the man that is shouting there? ②关系代词在从句中作表语时 She is not the girl that she used to be. ③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰 This is the very person that we are looking for. (2)用who的情况 ①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等 Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. ②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who Who is the boy that won the gold medal? ③在there be 结构中 There are many young men who are against him. ④在非限定性定语从句当中 Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study. 3.先行词是物(that / which的区别) (1)用which的情况 ①在非限定性定语从句中 She lost the game, which depressed her greatly. ②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语 The pen with which you write is Jack’s. ③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which. Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us. (2)用that的情况 ①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等 She did all that she could to help us. ②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时 This is the very book that I want. ③先行词中既有人又有物时 She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most. ④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best book that I have ever read. This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here. ⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用that He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. ⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用that Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 4.As引导定语从句用法 (1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。 常用于以下句型当中：Such/so….. as…. 像…..一样 the same …. as… 和…...同样的 A computer is so useful a machine as we can use everyday. He is not the same man as he was. (2)引导非限制性定语从句，此时译为“正如，像”等。可以放在句首，句中或句末。 As I remember, there were a net bar here. Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all. ★the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别 This is the same bike that I lost yesterday. (同一事物) This is the same bike as I lost yesterday. （同类事物） 5.关系副词的运用 (1)When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的time, day等 I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. (when=on which) (2)Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的place, spot等 Can you tell me the office where he works? (where = in which) (3)Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason. I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent. (why = for which) ★ 关系副词 = 相应的介词 + 关系代词 ★ Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名词如case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地步）等 What are the situations where body language is the only form of communication? 在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。(此时where = in which)