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完形填空总丢分?14个满分技巧帮你搞定!

更新时间:2026-01-09浏览:评论: 条

完形填空是不是你的英语“老大难”?明明单词都认识,语法也学过,可一做题就错一片?别慌!今天就给大家整理了完形填空满分14大技巧,掌握这些“金钥匙”,从此完形填空不丢分!

1. 跳读首尾句,预判全文大意

完形填空的首尾句,一般是不挖空的!这可是我们破解文章的“突破口”。

首句如果交代了when、where、who、what,大概率是记叙文,可能是一个成长故事、一次难忘的经历;

首句如果是解释某事物的性质、特点,那就是说明文;

首句要是抛出观点、表达看法,妥妥是议论文。

首句开宗明义,尾句总结全文,读懂这两句,文章主旨就拿捏了!

举个例子:

Li Hua was the first student in his class to win the national English speech contest. In an interview, he recalled how he overcame his shyness and practiced hard to achieve the goal.

从首句就能猜到:这篇文章讲的是学生李华克服胆怯,努力练习,最终拿下全国英语演讲比赛一等奖的故事。他的备赛之路肯定充满挑战,而支撑他走下去的,一定是坚持不懈的努力和对英语的热爱!

2. 语法分析来帮忙,精准排除干扰项

完形填空虽以语境考查为主,但也有不少语法题。这时就需要我们拿出“看家本领”:

分析单词的用法、动词的及物与不及物;

结合句子结构、句式特点,逐一排除错误选项。

例题:

___ I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam easily.

A. Because B. While  C. If  D. Since

解析:后面的“I had studied harder...”是明显的虚拟语气,是对过去的假设,所以要用 If 引导条件状语从句。答案选 C!

3. 固定搭配记牢固,解题速度快一倍

完形填空超爱考固定搭配和词义辨析!

固定搭配(也就是“习语”)是“死规则”,不能随便改,比如 take notes、make progress 这类,必须烂熟于心;

词义辨析题越来越多,这就需要大家积累词汇量,还要学会在语境中区分近义词。

例题:

They were so busy that they didn’t have time to ___ a holiday last year.

A. take B. spend  C. cost  D. pay

解析:take a holiday 是固定搭配,意为“度假”,直接选 A!

4. 牢记固定句型,秒选正确答案

有些题目就是“送分题”,考的是固定句型。只要你记住这些句型,看到就能秒选!

例题:

It wasn’t long ___ we finished the task successfully.

解析:It wasn’t long before... 是固定句型,意思是“没过多久就……”,直接填 before!

5. 抓住复现信息,前后呼应找答案

语篇中会有很多“复现信息”,比如原词复现、同义词/反义词复现、代词复现等。这些信息就像“线索”,帮我们快速锁定答案。

例题:

I pushed the door open and walked into the room. To my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had a desk, a chair, a bookshelf, and even a small bed. And then on the comfortable bed sat Lily, my new ___, smiling at me.

A. roommate B. classmate  C. neighbor  D. companion

解析:前文出现了 room、desk、bed 这些“房间专属”词汇,由此可知 Lily 是我的 roommate(室友),答案选 A!

6. 巧用跳读法,先易后难效率高

完形填空的空格里,总有一些简单题!做题时别死磕难题,先把简单空填好,再回头攻克“硬骨头”。顺着做容易卡壳,跳着做反而更顺畅!

7. 排除法来助攻,缩小范围稳得分

遇到不确定的题,别慌!把排除法和词汇、语法分析结合起来,逐一排除明显错误的选项,剩下的就是正确答案!

例题:

The teacher looked at the students ___ and then began to explain the text carefully.

A. as usual B. for a while  C. in a minute  D. once again

解析:“仔细地看”肯定不会“立刻(in a minute)”,也不会是“像往常一样(as usual)”或“再一次(once again)”,所以答案是 for a while(一会儿)!

8. 理清逻辑关系,征服完形的“最佳捷径”

逻辑关系是完形填空的“灵魂”!它藏在句子里、句与句之间、段落之间,常见的有转折、让步、递进、因果等。抓住逻辑词,就能推测出答案的逻辑意义,题目难度直接减半!

句中逻辑:比如 and 连接并列成分,前后词形、意义要对应;

句间逻辑:通过 but、however、instead 等词判断转折关系;

段间逻辑:注意段落首尾的衔接,比如前文说“这个方法有缺点”,后文说“它依然被广泛使用”,就是转折关系。

9. 结合背景常识,轻松破解难题

有时候,文章信息不够用,就需要我们调动“知识库”!结合文化背景和生活常识,能帮我们快速理解文章,做出正确判断。

例题:

After ___ the national flag at the school gate, we sang the national anthem together to start the sports meeting.

A. growing B. putting  C. raising  D. laying

解析:升国旗是庄重的仪式,raise 有“升起、举起”的意思,专门用于升旗、举手等场景,比 put 更贴切,答案选 C!

10. 利用对比结构,找对相反或相似项

对比结构常把两种对立事物或同一事物的不同方面并列,通过对比就能快速解题。

例题:

A student who studies in a bright and ___ classroom is in a much better position than a student who studies in a dark and crowded classroom.

A. tidy B. expensive  C. modern  D. colorful

解析:空格处和后文的“dark、crowded”形成对比,bright and tidy(明亮整洁)的教室,才符合语境!

11. 识别平行结构,前后对应不跑偏

平行结构是指结构相同、意思关联的句子或词组。这类题的设空处,往往和前后词的词性、意义相近,找准对应关系就能秒选!

例题:

Schools with good teaching quality develop their courses carefully, train their teachers regularly, and continue working to keep them ___ and effective.

A. alive B. vivid  C. practical  D. diverse

解析:空格和 effective 是平行结构,意思要相近,practical(实用的)最符合,答案选 C!

12. 紧盯暗示和对应,连贯性思维是关键

完形填空重点考查逻辑,做题时要有“全局观”!每个空的答案,往往都能在前后文找到暗示。一定要连贯思考,把空白处和前后句的意思联系起来。

例题:

...she would join after-school clubs to learn a variety of ___: painting, dancing and calligraphy.

A. questions B. skills  C. matters  D. contents

解析:冒号后的 painting、dancing、calligraphy 都是技能(skills),直接锁定答案 B!

13. 把握感情色彩,跟着作者“心情”走

通读全文时,要注意那些能体现褒贬色彩的词或句子。作者的感情倾向,会直接影响答案的选择!比如前文出现 proud、hard-working 这类褒义词,后面的答案也会偏向积极意义。

14. 综合运用各种线索,猜题也有“依据”

做完形填空,就像当“侦探”!要善于捕捉各种线索:词汇线索、语法线索、生活线索……把这些线索结合起来,就算猜题,也能猜得有理有据!

例题:

And the manager told her that the train was leaving at ten o’clock the next morning… Since she was ___ the next day, she packed her luggage right away.

A. moving B. returning  C. staying  D. leaving

解析:前文出现了词汇 leaving,前后呼应,这里直接选 D!

以上14把完形填空“金钥匙”,大家一定要好好掌握!

 

 

 

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