介词是一种虚词，在句中不单独作任何句子成分。介词可以用来表示地点、时间、方式等意义。
above,over,on和below,under
above指“在……上”，反义词为below；over指的是位于物体正上方，反义词为under；on意为“在……上面”，强调与物体表面接触。如：
A plane is flying above us.
I could hear the noise in the yard below my window.
There is a bridge over the river.
There is a ball under the teacher’s desk.
There are many books on the shelf.
across和through
across和through都有“从一边到另一边”的意思，across主要指 “(从某物的表面上)横过”；through主要指 “(从某物的空间内)穿过”。如：
Be careful when you walk across the road.
The old man went through the forest.
at和in
at和in
at和in后接地点名词时，at后通常为相对较小的地点，in后通常为相对较大的地点。如：
They arrived at our school yesterday.
Our teachers arrived in Beijing this morning.
in,on和to
in表示甲被包含在乙的范围内；on强调甲与乙接壤；to则常常指甲与乙互不包含，也不接壤。如：
Dalian is in the north of China.
Hubei is on the north of Hunan.
Australia lies to the south of China.
at,on 和in
at常用在具体的钟点之前；on与星期、具体的日期以及某天的上 / 下午、晚上等连用；in与年、月、季节以及单纯的上 / 下午、晚上等连用。如：
We often have supper at seven o’clock.
Bruce usually does some reading on Sunday afternoon.
My grandparents take exercise in the morning.
in和after
这两个词与段时间连用都可以表示“在一段时间以后”，但in常与一般将来时连用，而after常与一般过去时连用。如：
Do you think what our life will be like in one hundred years?
After three years, I found a job in a bank.
另外，after还可跟一时间点，而in则不可。如：after 3 o’ clock
for和since
for后面要跟段时间；since意思是“自……以来”，后面要跟过去的某一时间点。如：
My uncle has worked on the farm for ten years.
I’ve studied in the school since three years ago.
「2020中考英语」介词归纳附2019年各省市中考真题
by表示“通过……方式或方法”。如：
I usually go to school by bike.
Mary studies English by listening to tapes.
in表示“用……材料或语言”。如：
Can you say it in English?
with表示“用某一工具”。如：
He wrote a letter with a pen.
besides和except
besides意为“除了……之外(还有)”，它的宾语被包括在句子中所表述的事情范围之内；except意为“除了……之外(不包括)”，表示后面的宾语不包括在内。如：
All the students cleaned the park besides Tom.
所有的学生都打扫公园了，包括汤姆在内。(汤姆也打扫了)
Everyone comes here except Mary.
除了玛丽，每个人都来这里了。(玛丽没来)
「2020中考英语」介词归纳附2019年各省市中考真题
1. I want to learn a second foreign language ______ English. (2019甘肃天水)
A. except B. beside
C. besides D. except for
2. Beijing Expo 2019 opened to the public _______ 29th April. It will last over five months. (2019 江苏宿迁)
A. at B. in
C. on D. of
3. In the world, more than 30% of schools do not provide safe drinking water _________ about 570 million children. (2019 山东临沂)
A. with B. for C. towards
4. The high-speed train ________ Qingdao and Beijing travels faster now. The train ride takes only about three hours. (2019 山东青岛)
A. from B. among
C. in D. between
5. —Do you have this T-shirt in a different color?
—I’m afraid not. It only comes ________ red. (2019 四川乐山)
A. of B. in C. for
6. — Look, there is a cute bird, Mom.
— It flew into our kitchen _________ the window just now, Alex. (2019 四川凉山)
A. across B. through
C. above D. under
7. To my great joy, my family is always ________ me whatever I decide to do. (2019 湖北孝感)
A. behind B. to
C. from D. against
8. Let’s take a walk _______ the river after dinner, shall we? (2019 江苏无锡)
A. along B. through
C. upon D. over
9. Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily ______ the windows. (2019 内蒙古呼和浩特)
A. against B. across
C. above D. below
10. ________ the help of modern technology, scientists got a photo of a black hole. (2019 江苏淮安)
A. At B. In
C. On D. With
参考答案
1-5 CCBDB 6-10 BAAAD
