2021高考英语"典题"专项训练（二）

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Are you interested in travelling? Here are famous national parks where travellers mostly like to go in America.

1. Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Visitors: 11,388,893

The name "Great Smoky Mountains" comes from the water vapor (蒸汽) over this mountain range situated along the North Carolina-Tennessee border. Established in 1934, it is not just home to a diverse ecosystem of plants and animals, but also home to rich Appalachian cultures. Visitors there can see over 100 waterfalls, go boating on Fontana Lake and hike the Appalachian Trail. It's also an excellent point to see the leaves change in the fall.

2. Grand Canyon National Park

Visitors: 6,254,238

The Grand Canyon is the result of over 70 million years of geological events creating the Colorado Plateau, glaciers and valleys, while the Colorado River carved its way through the valleys. It is truly a natural splendor!

When President Roosevelt first visited it in 1903, he said, "The Grand Canyon fills me with awe. It is beyond comparison – beyond description." 16 years later, it was signed by President Woodrow Wilson, officially viewing the Grand Canyon a national park.

3. Yosemite National Park

Visitors: 4,336,890

In addition to being a national park, Yosemite is listed as a World Heritage Site. Yosemite National Park is in Central California in the western Sierra Nevada. Though it covers around 1,168 square miles of area, visitors spend most of their time in the 5.9 square-mile area of the Yosemite Valley where there are some most famous sites like Yosemite Falls, and Cook's Meadow Loop.

4. Zion National Park

Visitors: 4,504,812

Settled in Southwestern Utah is Zion National Park. It has some of the most unique landscapes packed with mountains, valleys, rivers, desert and forests.

Zion National Park is also an important place to study ancient humans who made the area their home about 8,000 years ago. Some of the park's most notable attractions include Angel's Landing, Kolob Arch, the Narrows, etc.

1. How does Great Smoky Mountains National Park get its name?

A. With smoke rising from the volcano in the lake.

B. With plants, animals and waterfalls in the mountain.

C. Signed by President Woodrow Wilson.

D. With fog seen over the mountain range.

2. When did Grand Canyon National Park become a national park?

A. In 1887. B. In 1903. C. In 1919. D. In 1934.

3. What does Yosemite National Park share in common with Zion National Park?

A. They are located in the same state.

B. People can learn about ancient times there .

C. They both have the most charming land scenery.

D. They were both formed as the result of years of geological events.

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Like tool making, teaching was once thought to be an unique capacity of the human mind. It is not actually.

"Teaching" requires this: one individual must take time from their own task to demonstrate and instruct with effort and the student must learn a new skill. That's a tall order.

When a young chimpanzee watches a skilled adult and then imitates, that's learning. But the adult has not taken time specifically to instruct, so it is not teaching. In the honeybees' amazing dance, the dancer takes time to indicate information about a source of food, but observers learn no new skill. They do take time to show, but they do not pass on new skills to learners.

Dolphins teach. Atlantic spotted dolphin mothers sometimes free a caught fish in the presence of their youngsters and let their youngsters chase it, catching it again if it's getting away. Dolphin youngsters also position themselves alongside mothers who are scanning sandy bottoms for hidden fish, and the mother spends extra time demonstrating.

Other teachers include: housecats who bring back live prey and let their young learn to catch it, and meerkats(猫鼬) who first bring to their growing young dead poisonous insects, then disabled ones, to demonstrate how to remove the poisonous part on their tails.

Like toolmaking and teaching, imitation is also considered to reflect high intelligence. In South Africa lived a baby dolphin named Dolly. One day while she was just six months old, Dolly was watching a trainer standing at the window smoking a cigarette, blowing puffs of smoke. Dolly swam to her mother, got a mouthful of milk, then returned to the window and released a cloud of milk that surrounded her head. The trainer was "absolutely astonished". Somehow Dolly came up with the idea of using milk to represent smoke. Using one thing to represent something else isn't just imitation. It is art.

4. What does the underlined phrase "a tall order" probably mean in paragraph 2?

A. A clear instruction. B. A high risk.

C. A difficult requirement.D. A useful purpose.

5. What do we know about honeybees' dance?

A. Presenting. B. Learning. C. Imitating. D. Teaching.

6. What can we infer about animals that can teach?

A. Bees show their dance to younger generations.

B. Housecats teach in a way similar to dolphins.

C. Young dolphins must learn how to free a fish.

D. Meerkats have poisonous parts on the tails.

7. Why does the author use Dolly's example?

A. To prove smoking can affect other animals.

B. To explain dolphins are capable of making art.

C. To show animals can be surprisingly intelligent.

D. To stress milk is to dolphins what smoking is to men.

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Naturalist John Muir called the Marin County woods named for him "the best tree-lover's monument that could possibly be found in all the forests of the world."

Located only 11 miles north of the Golden Gate Bridge near San Francisco, California, USA. Muir Woods puts some of nature's most huge creations within reach of little feet, hands, and imaginations.

"Muir Woods is home to a small forest of redwood trees that reach to the sky," says David Shaw of the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy. "Redwoods grow taller than any other tree species in the world. The average age of the redwoods here ranges from 400 to 800 years old and many ancient specimens have been around for more than a thousand years."

William Kent, the man who donated the 295 acres to create the Muir monument, grew up in Marin and played in similar redwood forests. That childhood experience inspired him to save the redwoods as an adult.

"Young people can learn about young William Kent when they visit here," says ranger(护林员) Timothy Jordan. "Kent's early connection with nature developed his love of the outdoors. As an adult, he witnessed the destruction of many Bay Area redwood forests. This, with the writings of John Muir, inspired Kent's conservationism."

Walking (and playing)in, on, and around the redwoods will help kids understand why young Kent was so attracted by the trees. Ranger Jordan encourages children to lie down and look up at the treetops, hug a redwood tree, and start a nature journal like John Muir.

"Have kids find a redwood spray(小树枝)the same age as them, count the rings in trees, and sit inside of a hollow (空的) redwood tree on Fern Creek." he advises.

After all the interaction, the kids just may be ready to rest. Take this time to "be quiet and listen to the sounds of the forest," says Shaw. "Encourage kids to think about how these trees have stood quietly through year after year of rain, sun, and sometimes even snow."

8. What do we know about Muir Woods from Shaw's words?

A. It is America's largest redwood forest. B. It has redwoods of a very great age.

C. It receives child visitors only. D. It is home to many rare trees.

9. Which was one of the reasons that Kent wanted to protect the redwoods?

A. He had an unusual adult life.

B. The Golden Gate Bridge was constructed.

C. He was inspired by the works of John Muir.

D. The redwood forests attracted a lot of young people.

10. What are children advised to do when taking a break in the forest?

A. Experience Muir Woods silently.

B. Look for special redwood sprays.

C. Sit inside of a hollow redwood tree.

D. Write a nature journal like John Muir.

11. What is the purpose of the text?

A. To remember a famous naturalist.

B. To discuss the protection of forests.

C. To share knowledge about redwoods.

D. To introduce a famous redwood forest.

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Sam, I say to myself as I start across the bridge, you must stop these thoughts and start thinking about what to do now that you have lost your falcon(猎鹰), Frightful.

Life, my friend Bando once said, is meeting problems and solving them whether you are a farmer or a space traveler. I have a problem. I have to provide my younger sister Alice and myself with meat. Fish, nuts, and vegetables are good and necessary, but they don't provide enough fuel for the hard physical work we do. Although we have venison(鹿肉) now, I can't always count on getting it. So far this year, our venison has been only road kill from in front of Mrs Strawberry's farm.

I decide to take the longest way home, down the flood plain of the West Branch of Delaware to Spillkill, my own name for a fast stream that runs down the south face of the mountain range I'm on. I need time to think. Perhaps Alice and I should be like the early Eskimos. We should walk, camp and hunt, and when the seasons change, walk on to new food sources. But I love my tree and my mountaintop.

Another solution would be to become farmers, like the people of the Iroquois Confederacy who once lived here. They settled in villages and planted corn, bush beans and berries. We already grow groundnuts in the damp soil and beans in the poor land. But the Iroquois also did hunting games. I can't do that anymore.

I'm back where I started from.

Slowly I climb the Spillkill. As I jump from rock to rock beneath the woods, I hear the cry of the red­tailed eagle who nests on the mountain top. I am reminded of Frightful and my heart aches. I can almost hear her call my name, Cree, cree, cree, car­ree.

Maybe I can get her back if I beg the man who is in charge of the peregrines(游隼) at the university. "But it's the law." he would say. I could write to the president of the United States and ask him to make an exception of Alice and me. That won't work. The president swore to uphold the Constitution and laws of the United States when he took office.

I climb on. I must stop thinking about the impossible and solve the problem of what to do now. I must find a new way to provide for us. Frightful is going to be in good hands at the university, and she will have young.

I smile at the thought of little Frightfuls and lift my feet.

When I am far above the river, I take off my clothes and boots and bathe in a deep, clear pool until I am refreshed and thinking more clearly. Climbing up the bank, I dress and sit down. I breathe deeply in the mountain air and try to solve my problem more realistically.

12. What does this passage mainly describe?

A. Delicate mental activities. B. Unique story environment.

C. Complicated character relationship. D. Ever­changing story events.

13. What is Sam's first worry?

A. The shortest way to go back. B. How to get enough venison.

C. The safety of Frightful. D. Survival for Alice and himself.

14. What do we know about Frightful?

A. He left Sam and Alice due to lack of food.

B. He helped Sam hunt before being taken away.

C. He is living with the red­tailed eagle happily.

D. He is giving birth to babies in the university.

15. Which of the following can best describe Sam?

A. Humorous. B. Aggressive. C. Responsible. D. Unrealistic.

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第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Society tells us that you can't teach an old dog new tricks. But it doesn't have to be that way. A new study published in Human Development points out that using a childlike approach to learning can help people of any age take on and rise to new challenges. 16

Venture (冒险) outside your comfort zone. As adults, we tend to use similar skills day in and day out: We take jobs in fields we're already good at, drive the same routes to the same places, and fall into routines we're comfortable with. 17 Switching to something more challenging may have more cognitive benefits.

18 A fear of making mistakes is another reason adults are so slow to learn new things; if we try and fail, we can face criticism, lose money, or get fired. That's why it's important to build up a support network of people--at work and at home--who allow you to make mistakes and learn from them.

Make a serious commitment and don't give up. 19 If you can afford it, spending money on a new pursuit--for example, booking a trip to Rome to practice your Italian--might also make it harder to throw in the towel.

Learn more than one thing at once. We tend to zero in on one hobby or one skill. But dividing that time and energy into three or four areas will stretch your brain in all different directions. 20 For example, maybe you started learning a new language in 2018, and this year you add singing lessons, and next year you try something else. You can add things gradually based on what you can handle.

A. Turn to your friends and family.

B. The following strategies will do the trick.

C. Surround yourself with encouraging people.

D. Telling friends about your new goal can help keep you motivated.

E. But all this familiarity limits the parts of the brain we're using regularly.

F. That doesn't mean you should start all the new challenges all at once, though.

G. So feeling comfortable can reduce stress and make you happier and more productive.

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读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

On a cold windy day, a poor boy tried to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door. Wandering on the street, he was not a successful seller. What's worse, he found that he only had one dime(十分硬币)left. His empty stomach reminded him constantly that for days he hadn't eaten anything. He had no choice but to beg for a meal at the next house. Hesitantly he knocked at the door, thinking about what to say when it opened. However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door.

"What can I do for you?" asked the young woman. The boy paused for a while. "Would you please give me some...a drink of water?" the boy dare not look directly into her eyes. She looked at the bony boy and thought he might need something to give himself energy so she brought him a glass of milk. His head rising and small hands taking the cup, he drank it up slowly, and then asked, "How much do I owe you?" "You don't owe me anything," she replied with a warm smile on her face. "My mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness." Deeply moved, he said sincerely, "Then I shall thank you from the bottom of my heart." As Howard Kelly left that house, he felt stronger physically. It also increased his faith in God and the whole human race. As a matter of fact, he was about to give up and quit before that point.

Years later the young woman became critically ill. However, the local doctors were unable to give her the effective medical treatment. Finally they sent her to a hospital in the big city, where specialists can be called in to cure her rare disease. Among those famous specialists, Dr. Howard Kelly was called in for the consultation. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.

注意:

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;

Paragraph 1: Dressed in his doctor's gown, he went in to see her.

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Paragraph 2: The bill was sent to her room.

___________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1-3 DCB 4-7 CABC 8-11 BCAD 12-15 ADBC 16-20 BECDF

Paragraph 1: Dressed in his doctor's gown, he went in to see her. He saw her lying on the bed and recognized her at once. Her lovely face looked pale. He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life. From that day on, he gave special attention to her case. Luckily, after a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr. Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side.

Paragraph 2: The bill was sent to her room. Hesitantly she took it. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she opened it, on the side of which a note caught her attention. She read these words, "Paid in full with a glass of milk." signed by Dr. Howard Kelly. Tears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently, "Thank you, God."

 

 

 

 

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