高考英语考纲词汇3500词及解析

A开头的词汇

1.●abandon  v.放弃，遗弃，抛弃  abandon the baby/ child/ friend

abandonthe plan/ idea/ effort/ hope

abandononeself to 陷入，沉湎于     He abandoned himself to despair.

 2.◎ability  n. 能力；才能      the ability to walk 行走的能力

to the best of one’s ability  竭尽全力      He completed the job to the best of hisability.

3.●abnormaladj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的   They thought his behavior was abnormal.

反义词：normal

4. ◎aboard  prep. adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船)

all the people aboard  机上的人

5.about  prep关于，ad 大约，到处

a) be about to do sth…(when)      I was about to go out whenit began to rain.

b) lookabout/around/round        c) How/Whatabout…询问情况或建议

6 . above  prep在…上面    above all 首先;尤其

7. abroad  ad.到(在)国外    a) go /study /live abroad        b) at home and abroad在国内外

8. ●absence n.不在，缺席

absencefrom work/ school           The decisionwas made in my absence.

inthe absence of 在缺少…条件下    The case was dismissed in the absence ofproof.

9.◎absent  adj.  缺席的，不在的   beabsent from    absent-minded  adj.心不在焉的

10. ◎absorb  vt. 1) 吸收，吸进（液体，气体等） 2) 理解，掌握

absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/sound/ energy

absorb information/ knowledge          beabsorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于…

11.●abuse  v /n. 滥用，谩骂       abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒   

abusepower/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权

12. acceptvt.

accept the gift/invitation /plan           accept sb/sthas…  

13.●access n.方法，通路，机会

Theonly access to the farm was a narrow bridge.

Onlyhigh officials have access to the emperor.

Westudents have access to the school library.

accessible  adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的

Such information is not easily accessible tothe public.

14. accident  n.事故，意外的事

by accident/chance 偶然，无意中；不小心

15. ●accompany  v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏         accompany sb. to theschool/ supermarket

 accompany the singer on / at the piano           Lightening usually accompanies thunder.

16. ●accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现    accomplishment  n. 成就，成绩

accomplishthe task/ purpose/ goal

17. according to  根据    According to the law, he should be sentencedto death.

18. ◎accuse vt.指控，指责    accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告…

19.● accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的

    be/get/ become accustomed to doing          Hewas soon accustomed to getting up early.

20. ache  vi./n headache / toothache   My backaches so much.

21. achieve  vt  达到；取得  achievement  n 成就

achievesuccess/victory/one’s goal; 

22.◎achievement   n. 成就，业绩；完成（任务等）  make great achievements

23.●acknowledgev. 承认，致谢

   It is generally acknowledged that globalwarming is caused by greenhouse gases.

  Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to bethe best player inChina.

  I acknowledged financial supportfrom the local government.

24. across  prep     cross  v.    I walked across thestreet.;  cross a street;   come/run across碰到

25. act  n.法令，条例   vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事

act as  充当；扮演    act out 把…表演出来

26. actionn. 行动      take action to do sth             put sth into action 把…付诸实施

27. active  adj. 积极的;主动的    take an active part in /be active in 积极参加

28.◎activity  n. 活动  outdoor activities  户外运动

29.actual  a.实际的   actually   adv.         in (actual) fact  实际上

30●adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编   vt. 使适应      adapt to change /the city life

 adapt oneself to the new surroundings    adapt the novel for a film   adaptation  n. 适应

31. add  vt 添加，增加，补充说（that）

add(…)to 添加   add up 把…加在一起 add up to总计为; 总数为

a) His illnessadded to our trouble.    b) He added thathe would come again.

c) Please add thesefigures up.       d) These numbers add up to 100.

e) He added somesalt to the water.

32. address   n.地址  vt.写地址；向…讲话（尤指演讲）

address the letterto sb. 给某人寄信  The letter was wrongly addressed.

The president addressedthe public.

33.●adjustvt. 调整，调节，适应        adjust your speed /the volume/ thecamera

   adjust to the dark/ the single life   adjust yourself to the student life adjustment  n. 调整，调节

34.admire  v 钦佩.;羡慕

admire sb forsth         I admire John for hiscourage.

35. admit  vt  （admitted,admitted）

1) 承认  admit one’s mistakes;    admit doing/having done

He admitted havingstolen the money.

2) 准许（入场，入学，入会）  admit sb to /into→sb be admitted to

He has beenadmitted to Beijing University.

36.●adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳

  adopt a child              theadopted son/ daughter

  adopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a plan/ an attitude

37. advance  vi推进，促进；前进     adj.advanced 先进的/ 高级的

in advance预先，事先            an advanced worker

38. advantage  n. 优点，好处(可数名词)  反：disadvantage

take advantage of 利用  have an advantage over 优于…     to sb’s advantage  对（某人）有利

39. ◎advertise  vt. 为…做广告

1）为…做广告 advertise a product / things

   2）登广告征求/寻找…advertise for a new sales manager

40. advice n/u. advise  vt. 忠告,劝告,建议   take/follow/ accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议

ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议    a piece of advice 一条建议

give sb some adviceon sth 

advise sb (not) todo;  advise doing;  advise that …(should)+do

Our teacher advisedthat we should study hard.

41. ●affect  vt. 影响,深深打动，使悲伤等

   Smokingaffects health.            People weredeeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.

42. afford  vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供

can/could/be ableto afford sth/to do sth   I can’t afforda book/to buy the book

43. afraid  a. 害怕的；担心

be afraid todo  因为害怕不敢做…;     beafraid of doing  害怕…

She was afraid togo out alone at night.    She was afraidof waking him up.

44. against  prep对着，反对, 靠着，迎着，衬着

stand against thewall (靠墙站着)  go against nature;  be against sth  反对

They arestrongly against the plan.       The pinetree were black against the morning sky.

45. age  n.年龄；时代  vi. 变老     for ages 多年;  at an early age;  at the age of … ; 

of thesame age=of an age            After hiswife’s death he aged quickly.

46.agree  vi. 同意；应允

1）agreewith      ① agree withsb / what you say/your opinion.

②表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜”：

Theweather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。

A verbmust agree with its subject in person and number.

What hedoes does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。

2）agreeto the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .

3）agree on/upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：

Weagreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。

Bothsides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。

4) agreeto do sth       He agreed to go withus. 他同意同我们去。

5) reach/arriveat/come to an agreement       6) I can’t/couldn’tagree more.

47. ahead  ad. 在前，向前 ahead of time  提前 go ahead  前进，干吧，说吧

48.◎aid  n.  援助；救护；辅助工具

first aid 急救                              in aid of 支持

by ( the) aid of 借助于，通过…的帮助        come/ go to one’s aid帮助某人

     v. 帮助，促进  aid (sb/ sth) in/ with ( doing) sth 帮助某人做…

49. aim at

①瞄准,对准  He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.

② (向某方面)努力 She'saiming at ( trying to win) a scholarship.

③针对某人 Mywords were not aimed at you.

50.◎alike  adj. 相像，十分相似 We are alike in many ways.

           adv. 相似的，相同的 They tried to treat their children alike.

51. alive  a. 活着的，存在的     catch …alive 活捉  keep…alive  be alive with= be full of

The lake was alivewith fish.     Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定语)

52. allow  v 准许，允许  allow doing/ sb to do   

    allowfor 把  考虑进去   Has everything been allowed for in yourplan?

53. almost  adv几乎，差不多

  Almost no one/nobody came tothe party.       There was almost nosnow that winter.

54. alone  adj/adv 单独的孤独的

1) 形容词She is aloneat home. （她独自一人在家。）

2) 副词I like to workalone. （我喜欢独自一人工作。）

3) “只有，仅仅”， The shoesalone cost $200. ※ let /leave sb /sth alone 别打扰

letalone  更不用说

★ lonely

1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的”       a lonely man / island.

2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的”    feel lonely     ※ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.

55.aloud  ad.大声地  read aloud/ thinkaloud

56. ◎amaze vt.使惊奇，惊叹；震惊

  What amazes me is how longshe managed to hide it from us.  

  It amazed me that he could beso calm at such a time.   

 amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊讶的      amazing adj.令人惊奇的，惊叹的；震惊的

 I’ m ___ that you have never heard of the Rolling Stones.

 It’s ____ how often you see drivers using mobile phones.

57. ◎ amount n. 数额（尤指数量，大小等） a large amount of +u/n  

large amounts of +u/n  v. （数量，意义等）等同，相当于amount to

1) （数量上）达到，总计

   Timelost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为

  2）等于，意味着

  Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing.   归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。

58.● amuse vt. 使快乐，逗乐amuse sb. 使…高兴           The funny drawings amused the kids.

be amused by/at/with 被…逗乐     amuse oneself 自娱自乐      

The boys amusedthemselves by drawing.      amusement  n.    toone’s amusement

59. ◎amusement  n. 1) 娱乐,乐趣    to one’s amusement 让某人发笑

  They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement ofpassers-by.

  他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。

  2) 娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusements      amuse vt. amuse sb/ oneself  使开心，逗笑

   amused / amusing  adj.    an amused smile / look/ expression 愉快的微笑/神情/ 表情

   an amusing story/ film 有趣的，好笑的，逗人发笑的故事/ 电影

60. angry  adj 生气的，愤怒的 (angrily /angrier )

be angry at (about)因为…而生气  be angry with sb 生某人的气

61. announce  vt. 宣布，宣告，公布

announce a decision / plan/ intention            announce sth to sb      announce that

   At the end of the meeting , itwas announced that an agreement had been reached.

make an announcement

 62.◎announcement n. 通告，通知

 63.◎annoy vt. （使）烦恼       beannoyed with sb.for (at) sth.

   What annoyed him most was thathe had received no apology.

   annoyed  adj. 略感烦恼（生气）的        annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的

   It’s _____that we didn’t know about this before.令人恼火的事，我们事先并不知道这一切

   Mr Davies was ____that the books were missing.戴维斯先生生气了，因为那些书不见了。

64. answer  n.  theanswer to the question     v.  answer a question/the door/the phone；  

 answer for 对… 负责  You will have to answer for your wrong doingone day.

65. ◎anxiety n.忧虑，焦急，担心

anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的；担心的 be anxious about sth for sb

               渴望的，急切的  be anxious to do sth

67. ◎apologizen. 道歉，歉意  apology n.

   make an apology/ apologies to sbfor sth         apologise to sb for sth

68.●appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求

   The design has appealed topeople of all ages.     I appeal to youto protect the environment.

   have/ hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力       loseone’s appeal  失去吸引力

69. appear1) vi. 出现，露面     The man suddenly ______ from behind thetree scared me.

2) 系动词似乎，好像     appear+ (tobe) + n/adj 似乎

It appears (to sb)that /as if        He appeared to behappy in the news.

It appears to me that he will win

It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。

Police say there appear to be signs of abreak-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。

70. ◎appearancen. 出现，露面；容貌   judge by appearances  以貌取人

71.◎application n.申请   make an application for

72. applyv. 申请       apply for 申请；请求，接洽

  apply sth to …运用，应用        apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事

73.●appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定

   1) 任命，委派A committee was appointed to consider theplan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。         He was appointed as chairman.

   2). 约定，确定      Everyone got there at the appointed time.

     Inthe evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.

 74. appointment n.

   make an appointment 约定、会       hisappointment as president  他担任总统的任命

75. ◎appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激     appreciateyour concern      appreciatedoing sth

   appreciate your abilities/ fineworks of art    I’d appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.

76. ◎approach      1). v. 接近；靠近；走进

As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran outof the trees.

I find him difficult to approach.            The winter vacation is approaching.

2). n. 接近；方法；途径；通路

  Hedecided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible throughstory-telling.

  Hisapproach to the problem are wrong.     All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.

77.●approve vi. 赞成  vt. 同意，批准     approveof  赞成，同意     approve of one’s idea

 He doesn’t approve of my leaving this year.     approve the plan/ proposal  通过计划/提议

 approval  n.

79. argue vi. 争辩，争论  n.  argument       1) argue for/against 赞成/反对

  2)argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事

  3)argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事

80. ◎arise arose arisen vi.      1) 出现，发生，产生  A newcrisis has arisen.新危机出现。

  2）起床，起身，起立 He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。

81.◎argument n.     1)争论，辩论   havean argument with sb about / over sth

2) 论点，论据  a powerful argument against smoking  argue v.    argue with sb about / over sth

82. arm

n. 手臂,支架武器（复）  arm in arm   手挽手     takeup arms  拿起武器

vt. 以…装备,武装起来     arm…with…

Armed withthe new equipment, the explorers entered the cave.      be armed to the teeth 全副武装

83. around 在周围; 在附近;大约

around the corner  在拐角处，即将到来           around the clock   昼夜不停地

84.◎arrange vt. 安排，布置

   arrange an appointment 安排预约         Have you arranged to meetMark this weekend?

   We had arrangedthat I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。

   He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。

   The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.

   Dave arranged for someone todrive him home.

  arrangement  n. 安排，布置    make arrangements for…

85.◎arrest  vt. 逮捕，拘捕   He gotarrested for careless driving.

n.    put/ place sb under arrest  逮捕某人

86. arrive  v   arrival  n. 到来；达到   arrive at      Guests receive dinneron/upon their arrival

87. article  n. 文章；东西；物品；冠词        an article of clothing 一件衣服

88. ashamed  adj 惭愧，害臊

89. asleep  adj 睡着的，熟睡  (表语形容词)      fall asleep 入睡  He seems to be fast asleep.

90.●assist v. 帮助，协助        assist sb. in dong /with sth.

  we’ll assist you in finding aplace to live.

  She employed a woman to assisther with the housework.

 assistance   n.    technical/military assistance  技术/军事援助

91.●assume v. 假定，假设          It is assumed that…普遍认为

 I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。

 He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。     assuming （that）…假设，假如

92. assumption  n.

a) be ashamed of  以为是耻辱   b) be ashamed of oneself for 为…而害羞

c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧       ※ashamed & shameful

ashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊；

shameful指事物或本身可耻不道德。 He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.

93. astonish  v 使惊讶  astonished /astonishing

be/look astonished at  对…感到大吃一惊        an astonished look

94. attach   attach …to

95. attempt  v. 试图，尝试

attempt to do    He was charged with attempting to kill hiswife.

attempt sth     The plane crashed while attempting anemergency landing.

n.  makean attempt to do /at doing 试图做某事

96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加      attend a meeting/ school/ church/ theconcert

attend to sth处理，注意    Ihave a few other things to attend to.

attend to sb 看护  attend to a baby

97. attention n. 注意，关心

pay ( much/no/little) attention to                    draw one’s attention to

fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on；                  attract one’s attention

98. attract v. 吸引，引起  Like attracts like  物以类聚

99. available

100. average adj 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数          on (the)average 按平均

I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。

101. avoid doing

102. awake v.  唤醒；(awoke/awoken)  Is he awake or asleep?   awake to sth 意识到醒悟到  

It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation.     adj  醒着的bewide awake

103. award  n.  v.

104. aware   be aware of

105. away adv离开；远离     keep away from 保持距离；

far away 在远处

right away 立刻，马上；   give away 泄露，赠送

106. awful adj. 可怕的；极坏的；使人敬畏的