♦语法全解

                                          定语从句

（一）定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

 

（二） 定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词有that, which, who (宾格whom, 所有格whose)；关系副词有where, when, why.

关系词的作用：关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要部分。

 

（三）关系代词的用法

1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物，指人时相当于who/whom;指物时相当于which. 在从句中做主语或宾语，做主语时不可省略，做宾语时可省略。

Jack likes movies that are funny. 

杰克喜欢滑稽的电影。（that做主语）

The book (that) I put on the desk is Linda’s. 

我放在桌子上的那本书是琳达的。（that做宾语）

 

2. which 用于指物，在句中做主语或宾语，做主语时不可省略，做宾语时可省略。

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.

位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（which做主语）

The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 

我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（做宾语）

 

3. who, whom用于指人，who用做主语，whom用做宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，在句中做宾语时也可省略。

The girl who often helps with my English is my cousin. 

经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是我的表妹。（做主语）

Who is the young man (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 

正在与李明谈话的那个年轻人是谁？（做宾语）

 

（四）注意事项

1.关系代词做定语从句的主语时从句的谓语动词要与先行词的数保持一致。

 

2.当先行词是all, something等不定代词时；先行词被序数词及形容词最高级修饰时；先行词同时含有“人”和“物”的名词时，先行词被the only, the very, the last等词修饰时，定语从句只用that,不用which做引导词。

 

3.指人时，当先行词是anyone, one, ones或是these, those时，只用who, 不用that.

 

经典例题

例1. He likes low-carbon life. He lives in the house ______ he built himself out of trash.

A. where  B. what  

C. which  D. in which

答案：C

例2. What kind of movies do you like? I like movies _______ scary monsters.

A. which has   B. that have

C. what was    D. why have

答案：B

例3. The man ______ is talking to our teacher is Betty’s father

A. which   B. whom

C. who     D. what

答案：C

例4. Most of my classmates prefer loud music _______ they can dance to.

A. that    B. who

C. whose   D. where

答案：A

例5. I still remember the college and the teachers _______ I visited in London years ago.

A. what   B. who

C. that   D. which

答案：C

 

♦同步写作

每个人心中都有一首自己最喜欢的歌。某英文报正在举办以“My Favorite Song”为题的征文活动,请你写一篇英语短文参加此次征文活动,和大家一起分享你最喜欢的那首歌。

提示:

1.最喜欢的歌曲的名称;

2.歌曲的演唱者;

3.你喜欢的原因。

要求:

1.词数80~100,短文开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;

2.请不要逐句翻译,可适当发挥。

 

参考范文

My Favorite Song

My favorite song is The Rare Words.It’s a pop song sung by Chen Keyu.And the lyrics were also written by him.

I like this song for two reasons.First,in this song,there are more than 70 rare Chinese characters that I’ve never seen or heard of before.Every time I listen to it I sing along with it.And I have looked up these characters in the dictionary.So far I have learned all of them.Second,Chinese characters are seen as a symbol of Chinese culture.There are lots of Chinese characters and each of them usually has more than one meaning and some of them are very interesting.This song encourages me to pay more attention to Chinese culture.

If you’re interested in it,you can listen to it in your spare time.

小学初中段：

1.词汇演讲口才拓展训练营（线上课程/线下冬令营）

2.中级英语阅读素养训练营（线上课程/线下冬令营）

3.英语时文分级阅读（软件+月刊）

高中段：

1.高中一本小说24个故事速记3500词汇（线上课程/线下冬令营）

2.高中快速阅读写作营（线上课程/线下冬令营）

3.英语时文分级阅读（软件+月刊）

咨询老师17760376675（微信同号）

 

 

 

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