高考英语长难要想学透，绝对不是对译单词那么简单，而是应把其中的语法知识和句法结构彻底弄懂。这是第一部分，后面会将其余的历年最难的句子整理出来，希望对大家提高成绩有帮助。

1 These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.

其中包括在叶子上印上传感器以显示其何时缺水的植物，以及能够检测地下水中有害化学物质的植物。

2The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further-changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions.

麻省理工学院（MIT）的工程师们进一步改变了植物的现有成分，使它们能够发挥不同的，甚至是不寻常的功能。

3.Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源）-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).

由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏远公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能量。

4.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份）,it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.

现有研究表明：人们不应该与点大份餐的超重者一起用餐，与此相反，不要与能吃贼瘦的人一起吃饭。

5.The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.

结果与第一个测试结果相似：受试者照着做，但当瘦演员拿了30块时，他们吃了更多的糖果。

6.After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe ( 敬畏) at the possibilities that, existed in his world.

当我向胡安解释说是的，我们确实有一个月亮，而且是的，它和他的月亮非常相似，我对他的世界中存在的可能性心生敬畏。

7.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.

他们成群结队，不是因为友好，而是抽烟，违反规则，和别人开玩笑，而我与他们狼狈为奸。

8.The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.

受欢迎者善于与他人相处，这会加强校园友谊，提高人际交往能力，而且，如果早早被发掘出来，就可以 让他们在生活和工作中受益。

9.Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”

那些高中时地位最高的人，以及小学时最不受欢迎的人“最有从事危险的事并且深具危害性”。

10.In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究).

在一项研究中，普林斯坦博士对235名青少年的两种受欢迎程度进行了调查，根据学生调查结果，对最不受欢迎、最受欢迎和地位最高的人区分了等级。

11.Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date——sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.

普林斯坦博士还发现，让邻居们希望你参加游戏约会的特质——分享、友善、开放——会延续多年，使你能够更好地与他人交流和联系。

12.Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.

他说：“被人喜欢创造了学习的机会，也创造了新的生活体验，有助于其人获得优势。”

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