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小学英语重点语法 100 句实用范例,轻松吃透核心知识点

更新时间:2025-10-28浏览:评论: 条

一、基础句型(20 句)
1. 主谓宾句型
  1. I eat an apple every morning.(我每天早上吃一个苹果。)
  • 语法解析:主语(I)+ 谓语(eat)+ 宾语(an apple)基本结构
  • 核心词:eat (吃);apple (苹果);morning (早上)
  1. My dad drives a car to work.(我爸爸开车去上班。)
  • 语法解析:第三人称单数主语(My dad)+ 谓语动词三单形式(drives)
  • 核心词:drive (驾驶);car (汽车);work (工作)
  1. The cat catches a mouse in the kitchen.(猫在厨房里抓老鼠。)
  • 核心词:catch (抓);mouse (老鼠);kitchen (厨房)
2. 主系表句型
  1. This flower is very beautiful.(这朵花很漂亮。)
  • 语法解析:主语(This flower)+ 系动词(is)+ 表语(beautiful)
  • 核心词:flower (花);beautiful (漂亮的)
  1. Those books are mine.(那些书是我的。)
  • 语法解析:指示代词(Those)+ 名词复数(books)+ 系动词(are)
  • 核心词:book (书);mine (我的)
  1. The weather becomes cold in winter.(冬天天气变冷了。)
  • 核心词:weather (天气);cold (冷的);winter (冬天)
3. There be 句型
  1. There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。)
  • 语法解析:There be 句型单数形式(就近原则)
  • 核心词:book (书);desk (桌子)
  1. There are five birds in the tree.(树上有五只鸟。)
  • 语法解析:There be 句型复数形式
  • 核心词:bird (鸟);tree (树)
  1. There will be a party in our class tomorrow.(明天我们班有个派对。)
  • 核心词:party (派对);tomorrow (明天)
4. 祈使句
  1. Open the window, please.(请打开窗户。)
  • 语法解析:肯定祈使句(动词原形开头)
  • 核心词:open (打开);window (窗户)
  1. Don’t run in the hallway.(不要在走廊里跑。)
  • 语法解析:否定祈使句(Don’t + 动词原形)
  • 核心词:run (跑);hallway (走廊)
  1. Let’s play games after class.(课后我们一起玩游戏吧。)
  • 核心词:play (玩);game (游戏);class (课)
5. 一般疑问句
  1. Do you like playing football?(你喜欢踢足球吗?)
  • 语法解析:实义动词一般疑问句(Do + 主语 + 动词原形)
  • 核心词:like (喜欢);football (足球)
  1. Is she your English teacher?(她是你的英语老师吗?)
  • 语法解析:系动词一般疑问句(Is + 主语 + 表语)
  • 核心词:English (英语);teacher (老师)
  1. Can you swim in the river?(你能在河里游泳吗?)
  • 核心词:swim (游泳);river (河)
6. 特殊疑问句
  1. What time do you get up?(你几点起床?)
  • 语法解析:疑问词(What time)引导特殊疑问句
  • 核心词:time (时间);get up (起床)
  1. Where is your school bag?(你的书包在哪里?)
  • 核心词:where (哪里);school bag (书包)
  1. How many pencils do you have?(你有多少支铅笔?)
  • 核心词:how many (多少);pencil (铅笔)
7. 感叹句
  1. What a lovely dog it is!(多么可爱的狗啊!)
  • 语法解析:What 引导的感叹句(修饰名词)
  • 核心词:lovely (可爱的);dog (狗)
  1. How fast he runs!(他跑得真快啊!)
  • 语法解析:How 引导的感叹句(修饰副词)
  • 核心词:fast (快地);run (跑)
二、时态(30 句)
1. 一般现在时
  1. She watches TV at 7 p.m. every day.(她每天晚上 7 点看电视。)
  • 语法解析:第三人称单数谓语动词加 - s (watches),时间标志 every day
  • 核心词:watch (看);TV (电视);every day (每天)
  1. They usually go to school by bus.(他们通常坐公交车上学。)
  • 核心词:usually (通常);go to school (上学);bus (公交车)
  1. The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
  • 核心词:sun (太阳);rise (升起);east (东方)
2. 一般过去时
  1. I visited my grandparents last weekend.(上周末我去看望了祖父母。)
  • 语法解析:动词过去式(visited),时间标志 last weekend
  • 核心词:visit (看望);grandparent (祖父母);last weekend (上周末)
  1. He ate three hamburgers yesterday.(他昨天吃了三个汉堡。)
  • 核心词:eat (吃,过去式 ate);hamburger (汉堡);yesterday (昨天)
  1. The rain stopped an hour ago.(一小时前雨停了。)
  • 核心词:rain (雨);stop (停,过去式 stopped);hour (小时)
3. 一般将来时
  1. We will have a math test tomorrow.(明天我们有数学考试。)
  • 语法解析:will + 动词原形,时间标志 tomorrow
  • 核心词:math (数学);test (考试);tomorrow (明天)
  1. My mom is going to buy a new dress for me.(妈妈要给我买一条新裙子。)
  • 语法解析:be going to + 动词原形(表计划)
  • 核心词:buy (买);dress (裙子);new (新的)
  1. It will snow in Beijing next month.(下个月北京会下雪。)
  • 核心词:snow (下雪);Beijing (北京);next month (下个月)
4. 现在进行时
  1. The children are playing games in the park.(孩子们正在公园里玩游戏。)
  • 语法解析:be (are)+ 动词 - ing 形式(playing)
  • 核心词:child (孩子,复数 children);play (玩);park (公园)
  1. My sister is drawing a picture now.(我妹妹现在正在画画。)
  • 核心词:draw (画);picture (图画);now (现在)
  1. Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.(听!有人在隔壁房间唱歌。)
  • 核心词:listen (听);sing (唱歌);next room (隔壁房间)
5. 现在完成时(基础版)
  1. I have finished my homework already.(我已经做完作业了。)
  • 语法解析:have + 动词过去分词(finished),标志词 already
  • 核心词:finish (完成);homework (作业);already (已经)
  1. We have lived here for five years.(我们在这里住了五年了。)
  • 核心词:live (住);here (这里);five years (五年)
  1. She has read this story twice.(这个故事她已经读了两遍了。)
  • 核心词:read (读,过去分词 read);story (故事);twice (两次)
6. 时态混合运用
  1. He usually walks to school, but he took a taxi today.(他通常走路上学,但今天坐了出租车。)
  • 语法解析:一般现在时(walks)+ 一般过去时(took)对比
  • 核心词:walk (走路);take a taxi (坐出租车);today (今天)
  1. My brother is playing basketball now, and he will have dinner at 6 p.m.(我弟弟现在在打篮球,他晚上 6 点要吃晚饭。)
  • 语法解析:现在进行时 + 一般将来时衔接
  • 核心词:basketball (篮球);dinner (晚饭)
  1. I have learned English for two years, and I can speak it well now.(我学英语两年了,现在能说得很好。)
  • 核心词:learn (学);English (英语);speak (说)
补充:时态标志词专项
  1. I often help my mom with housework.(often - 一般现在时)
  1. They went to the zoo last Sunday.(last Sunday - 一般过去时)
  1. We are going to visit the museum next week.(next week - 一般将来时)
  1. She is dancing in the classroom now.(now - 现在进行时)
  1. My dad has worked in this company since 2018.(since - 现在完成时)
  1. The students always do their homework carefully.(always - 一般现在时)
  1. It rained heavily yesterday evening.(yesterday evening - 一般过去时)
  1. There will be a concert in our city tomorrow evening.(tomorrow evening - 一般将来时)
  1. Listen! The birds are singing happily.(Listen - 现在进行时)
  1. I have never been to Shanghai before.(never - 现在完成时)
  1. My grandma waters the flowers every morning.(every morning - 一般现在时)
  1. We had a good time at the party last night.(last night - 一般过去时)
三、介词(20 句)
1. 时间介词
  1. We have lunch at 12 o’clock.(我们 12 点吃午饭。)
  • 语法解析:at + 具体时间点
  • 核心词:lunch (午饭);o’clock (点钟)
  1. School starts in September.(学校九月份开学。)
  • 语法解析:in + 月份 / 季节 / 年份
  • 核心词:start (开始);September (九月)
  1. He was born on May 1st, 2015.(他 2015 年 5 月 1 日出生。)
  • 语法解析:on + 具体日期
  • 核心词:born (出生);May (五月)
2. 方位介词
  1. The ball is under the chair.(球在椅子下面。)
  • 核心词:ball (球);under (在…… 下面);chair (椅子)
  1. There is a picture on the wall.(墙上有一幅画。)
  • 核心词:picture (画);on (在…… 上面);wall (墙)
  1. My school is near the supermarket.(我的学校在超市附近。)
  • 核心词:school (学校);near (在…… 附近);supermarket (超市)
  1. The bank is across from the hospital.(银行在医院对面。)
  • 核心词:bank (银行);across from (在…… 对面);hospital (医院)
  1. She is standing between Lily and Lucy.(她站在莉莉和露西之间。)
  • 语法解析:between...and...(在两者之间)
  • 核心词:stand (站);between (在…… 之间)
3. 方式 / 伴随介词
  1. I go to school by bike every day.(我每天骑自行车上学。)
  • 语法解析:by + 交通工具(表方式)
  • 核心词:by bike (骑自行车);go to school (上学)
  1. She writes with a pencil.(她用铅笔写字。)
  • 语法解析:with + 工具(表伴随)
  • 核心词:write (写);with (用);pencil (铅笔)
  1. We traveled to Beijing by train last year.(去年我们坐火车去北京旅行了。)
  • 核心词:travel (旅行);by train (坐火车);last year (去年)
4. 其他常用介词
  1. Thanks for your help.(谢谢你的帮助。)
  • 语法解析:thanks for + 名词 / 动名词
  • 核心词:thanks (谢谢);help (帮助)
  1. I am good at playing the piano.(我擅长弹钢琴。)
  • 语法解析:be good at + 动名词
  • 核心词:good at (擅长);piano (钢琴)
  1. He is looking for his lost key.(他正在找他丢失的钥匙。)
  • 语法解析:look for(寻找,固定搭配)
  • 核心词:look for (寻找);lost (丢失的);key (钥匙)
  1. My mom is interested in cooking.(我妈妈对做饭感兴趣。)
  • 语法解析:be interested in + 动名词
  • 核心词:interested (感兴趣的);cook (做饭)
  1. There are many apples on the tree.(树上有很多苹果。)
  • 核心词:apple (苹果);on the tree (在树上,指长在树上)
  1. A bird is singing in the tree.(一只鸟在树上唱歌。)
  • 核心词:bird (鸟);in the tree (在树上,指外来物)
  1. I usually go shopping with my mom on weekends.(我通常周末和妈妈去购物。)
  • 核心词:go shopping (购物);with (和…… 一起);weekend (周末)
  1. The library is next to the post office.(图书馆在邮局旁边。)
  • 核心词:library (图书馆);next to (在…… 旁边);post office (邮局)
  1. We will have a meeting from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m.(我们下午 2 点到 4 点要开个会。)
  • 语法解析:from...to...(从…… 到……)
  • 核心词:meeting (会议);from...to... (从…… 到……)
四、名词(15 句)
1. 名词单数与复数
  1. This is a red apple. / These are red apples.(这是一个红苹果。/ 这些是红苹果。)
  • 语法解析:名词单数(apple)→ 复数(apples)
  • 核心词:apple (苹果);red (红色的)
  1. There is a child in the room. / There are many children in the room.(房间里有一个孩子。/ 房间里有很多孩子。)
  • 语法解析:不规则复数(child→children)
  • 核心词:child (孩子);room (房间)
  1. I have a toothache because I ate too many candies.(我牙疼,因为我吃了太多糖果。)
  • 语法解析:不规则复数(tooth→teeth),规则复数(candy→candies)
  • 核心词:toothache (牙疼);candy (糖果)
2. 名词所有格
  1. This is Tom’s book.(这是汤姆的书。)
  • 语法解析:单数名词所有格(名词 +'s)
  • 核心词:Tom (汤姆);book (书)
  1. These are the students’ desks.(这些是学生们的课桌。)
  • 语法解析:复数名词所有格(名词 s+')
  • 核心词:student (学生);desk (课桌)
  1. My grandma’s garden is very beautiful.(我奶奶的花园很漂亮。)
  • 核心词:grandma (奶奶);garden (花园);beautiful (漂亮的)
3. 不可数名词
  1. There is some water in the bottle.(瓶子里有一些水。)
  • 语法解析:不可数名词(water)前用 some 修饰
  • 核心词:water (水);bottle (瓶子)
  1. I need a little milk for my breakfast.(我早餐需要一点牛奶。)
  • 语法解析:不可数名词(milk)前用 a little 修饰
  • 核心词:milk (牛奶);breakfast (早餐)
  1. She has much homework to do tonight.(她今晚有很多作业要做。)
  • 语法解析:不可数名词(homework)前用 much 修饰
  • 核心词:homework (作业);tonight (今晚)
4. 名词搭配
  1. a cup of tea(一杯茶) /two cups of tea(两杯茶)
  • 语法解析:不可数名词量化表达(数词 + 量词 + of + 名词)
  1. a piece of paper(一张纸) /three pieces of paper(三张纸)
  1. a bowl of rice(一碗米饭) /five bowls of rice(五碗米饭)
  1. a box of chocolates(一盒巧克力) /four boxes of chocolates(四盒巧克力)
  1. a pair of shoes(一双鞋) /six pairs of shoes(六双鞋)
五、连词(15 句)
1. 并列连词
  1. I like apples and bananas.(我喜欢苹果和香蕉。)
  • 语法解析:and 表并列关系(肯定句)
  • 核心词:like (喜欢);apple (苹果);banana (香蕉)
  1. He has no pen or pencil.(他没有钢笔也没有铅笔。)
  • 语法解析:or 表并列关系(否定句)
  • 核心词:pen (钢笔);pencil (铅笔)
  1. She is tired, but she still keeps working.(她很累,但仍然继续工作。)
  • 语法解析:but 表转折关系
  • 核心词:tired (累的);still (仍然);work (工作)
  1. You can go by bus, or you can walk there.(你可以坐公交车去,或者走路去那里。)
  • 语法解析:or 表选择关系
  • 核心词:by bus (坐公交车);walk (走路)
2. 从属连词
  1. I will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.(如果明天不下雨,我就去公园。)
  • 语法解析:if 引导条件状语从句
  • 核心词:park (公园);rain (下雨);tomorrow (明天)
  1. When I grow up, I want to be a doctor.(当我长大后,我想成为一名医生。)
  • 语法解析:when 引导时间状语从句
  • 核心词:grow up (长大);doctor (医生)
  1. She didn’t go to school because she was ill.(她没去上学,因为她生病了。)
  • 语法解析:because 引导原因状语从句
  • 核心词:go to school (上学);ill (生病的)
  1. He runs faster than I do.(他跑得比我快。)
  • 语法解析:than 引导比较状语从句
  • 核心词:fast (快地);run (跑)
3. 连词句型拓展
  1. Both my brother and I like playing football.(我和弟弟都喜欢踢足球。)
  • 语法解析:both...and...(两者都)
  • 核心词:brother (弟弟);football (足球)
  1. Not only he but also his sister likes music.(不仅他,他妹妹也喜欢音乐。)
  • 语法解析:not only...but also...(不仅…… 而且……)
  • 核心词:sister (妹妹);music (音乐)
  1. I will call you as soon as I arrive there.(我一到那里就给你打电话。)
  • 语法解析:as soon as(一…… 就……)
  • 核心词:call (打电话);arrive (到达)
  1. She is so young that she can’t go to school.(她太小了,还不能上学。)
  • 语法解析:so...that...(如此…… 以至于……)
  • 核心词:young (年轻的);go to school (上学)
  1. My English is better than it was last year.(我的英语比去年好了。)
  • 核心词:English (英语);better (更好);last year (去年)
  1. We had to stay at home because of the heavy rain.(因为大雨,我们不得不待在家里。)
  • 语法解析:because of + 名词短语(表原因)
  • 核心词:stay at home (待在家里);heavy rain (大雨)
  1. Although he is old, he works very hard.(虽然他老了,但工作很努力。)
  • 语法解析:although 引导让步状语从句
  • 核心词:old (老的);hard (努力地)
  1. I didn’t know the answer until my teacher told me.(直到老师告诉我,我才知道答案。)
  • 语法解析:until 引导时间状语从句
  • 核心词:answer (答案);teacher (老师);tell (告诉)

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