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高中英语熟词生义高考真题汇总(背诵版+检测版)

更新时间:2025-10-09浏览:评论: 条

高中英语熟词生义(真题背诵版+检测版)

接上一篇:奇速英语AI伴学高中英语熟词生义(201~360)

熟词生义是高考阅读、完形的“隐形考点”,核心在于识别常见词的“陌生含义”。以下140组覆盖高频考点,标注词性与核心语境:

361~380

361. abandon

- 熟义:v. 抛弃,遗弃
例:He abandoned his family and moved abroad.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 放弃(abandon a plan);n. 放任(with abandon)
例:The team abandoned the project due to lack of funds.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

362. absorb

- 熟义:v. 吸收(液体/气体)
例:Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 理解(absorb information);v. 吸引(absorb one's attention)
例:It took her a while to absorb the new knowledge.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

363. access

- 熟义:n. 通道,入口
例:The only access to the village is by boat.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 机会(access to);v. 访问(access data)
例:Students have free access to the library.(2022全国卷Ⅰ完形)

364. account

- 熟义:n. 账户;v. 解释(account for)
例:I need to open a bank account.(2021新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)
- 生义:n. 描述(a detailed account);n. 重要性(of no account)
例:She gave a vivid account of her trip.(2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读)

365. accuse

- 熟义:v. 指责,控告(accuse sb. of)
例:He was accused of stealing the money.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 归咎于(accuse sth. on sb.)
例:She accused her failure on bad luck.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

366. adapt

- 熟义:v. 适应(adapt to)
例:It took her time to adapt to the new school.(2021全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 修改(adapt sth. for);v. 改编(adapt a novel)
例:The book was adapted for a movie.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

367. address

- 熟义:n. 地址;v. 写地址
例:Please write down your home address.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 发表讲话(address a crowd);v. 处理(address a problem)
例:The president addressed the nation on TV.(2022全国卷Ⅱ完形)

368. admit

- 熟义:v. 承认(admit doing)
例:He admitted breaking the window.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)
- 生义:v. 允许进入(admit sb. to);v. 容纳(admit 1000 people)
例:Only ticket holders are admitted to the hall.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

369. advance

- 熟义:v. 前进;n. 进步
例:The army advanced towards the city.(2023全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:adj. 预先的(in advance);v. 提出(advance a plan)
例:You should book the ticket in advance.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

370. advantage

- 熟义:n. 优势(have an advantage over)
例:Her experience gives her an advantage.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 有利于(advantage sb.)
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371. advise

- 熟义:v. 建议(advise sb. to do)
例:I advise you to see a doctor.(2023新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 通知(advise sb. of)
例:Please advise us of any changes.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

372. affect

- 熟义:v. 影响(affect sth.)
例:The weather affects our mood.(2021新高考Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:v. 假装(affect a smile);v. 感动(be deeply affected)
例:She affected not to hear the noise.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

373. afford

- 熟义:v. 买得起(afford sth.)
例:I can't afford a new car.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 承担得起(afford to do);v. 提供(afford an opportunity)
例:We can't afford to make a mistake.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

374. agency

- 熟义:n. 代理处(a travel agency)
例:I booked the hotel through a travel agency.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 机构(a government agency);n. 作用(by the agency of)
例:The agency is responsible for environmental protection.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

375. agent

- 熟义:n. 代理人(a sales agent)
例:Her agent arranged the meeting.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 动因(an agent of change);n. 剂(a cleaning agent)
例:Technology is an agent of social change.(2022全国卷Ⅲ完形)

376. agree

- 熟义:v. 同意(agree with sb.)
例:I agree with your opinion.(2021新高考Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 适合(agree with sb.);v. 达成一致(agree on sth.)
例:The climate doesn't agree with me.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

377. aid

- 熟义:n./v. 帮助(first aid)
例:They gave aid to the homeless.(2023全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 促进(aid development);n. 助手(a teaching aid)
例:New technology aids the growth of industry.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

378. aim

- 熟义:v. 瞄准;n. 目标(aim at)
例:He aimed the gun at the target.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 旨在(aim to do);n. 目的(with the aim of)
例:The project aims to help poor children.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

379. alarm

- 熟义:n. 警报;v. 使警觉(alarm sb.)
例:The fire alarm went off.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:n. 闹钟(a clock alarm);adj. 令人担忧的(alarming news)
例:I set the alarm for 6 o'clock.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

380. alcohol

- 熟义:n. 酒精(alcoholic drinks)
例:This drink contains no alcohol.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 含酒精饮品(a bottle of alcohol)
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381~400

381. allow

- 熟义:v. 允许(allow sb. to do)
例:My parents allow me to watch TV.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 留出(allow time for);v. 承认(allow that)
例:We should allow an hour for the journey.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)

382. alter

- 熟义:v. 改变(alter sth.)
例:She altered her dress to fit better.(2021全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:v. 修改(alter a plan);v. 变更(alter address)
例:The company altered its policy after complaints.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

383. amaze

- 熟义:v. 使惊奇(amaze sb.)
例:Her courage amazed everyone.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 令人惊奇的(amazing);adv. 惊人地(amazingly)
例:It's amazing how fast she learns.(2022全国卷Ⅲ完形)

384. ambition

- 熟义:n. 雄心,抱负(ambition to do)
例:His ambition is to be a doctor.(2021新高考Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 野心(political ambition)
例:Her ambition for power led to her downfall.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形)

385. ambiguous

- 熟义:adj. 模棱两可的(ambiguous meaning)
例:The sentence is ambiguous.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 不明确的(ambiguous situation)
例:The rules are ambiguous on this point.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

386. amend

- 熟义:v. 修改(amend a law)
例:The bill was amended before passing.(2021全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 改进(amend one's ways)
例:He promised to amend his bad habits.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

387. amount

- 熟义:n. 数量(a large amount of)
例:We need a small amount of sugar.(2023全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)
- 生义:v. 总计(amount to)
例:The cost amounts to 1000 yuan.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

388. analyze

- 熟义:v. 分析(analyze data)
例:We need to analyze the results.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 研究(analyze a problem)
例:The report analyzes the causes of poverty.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

389. ancestor

- 熟义:n. 祖先(family ancestor)
例:We can trace our ancestors to Europe.(2023新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 原型(ancestor of a machine)
例:The steam engine is the ancestor of modern trains.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

390. ancient

- 熟义:adj. 古代的(ancient history)
例:This is an ancient building.(2021新高考Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:adj. 古老的(ancient tradition)
例:They still follow ancient customs.(2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读)

391. anger

- 熟义:n. 愤怒(in anger)
例:He spoke in anger.(2023全国卷Ⅲ完形)
- 生义:v. 使愤怒(anger sb.)
例:Her words angered him deeply.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

392. angle

- 熟义:n. 角(a right angle)
例:The two lines form a right angle.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 角度(from a different angle);v. 钓鱼(angle for)
例:We need to look at the problem from another angle.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)

393. announce

- 熟义:v. 宣布(announce sth.)
例:The government announced a new policy.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 预示(announce sth. to come);v. 播报(announce news)
例:The dark clouds announced a storm.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

394. annoy

- 熟义:v. 使恼怒(annoy sb.)
例:His behavior annoyed me.(2021新高考Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:adj. 恼怒的(annoyed);adj. 讨厌的(annoying)
例:She was annoyed with his lateness.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

395. annual

- 熟义:adj. 每年的(annual meeting)
例:We hold an annual party.(2023全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:n. 年刊(a school annual)
例:Her photo was in the school annual.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

396. anticipate

- 熟义:v. 预期(anticipate sth.)
例:We didn't anticipate the problem.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 提前行动(anticipate sb.'s needs)
例:The company anticipated customer demands.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

397. anxiety

- 熟义:n. 焦虑(feel anxiety)
例:She suffers from anxiety.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:n. 渴望(anxiety for sth.)
例:He has an anxiety for success.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

398. apologize

- 熟义:v. 道歉(apologize to sb.)
例:I apologized for my mistake.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 辩解(apologize for sth.)
例:He apologized for his team's failure.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

399. appeal

- 熟义:v. 呼吁(appeal to sb. for)
例:They appealed for help.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 吸引(appeal to);v. 上诉(appeal to a court)
例:The movie appeals to young people.(2022全国卷Ⅲ完形)

400. appear

- 熟义:v. 出现(appear in public)
例:She appeared on TV last night.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)
- 生义:v. 似乎(appear to do);v. 发表(appear in a magazine)
例:He appears to be happy.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

401~420

401. appetite

- 熟义:n. 食欲(lose one's appetite)
例:I have no appetite today.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 欲望(appetite for sth.)
例:He has a big appetite for knowledge.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

402. apply

- 熟义:v. 申请(apply for)
例:She applied for a job.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 应用(apply sth. to);v. 涂(apply paint)
例:We should apply theory to practice.(2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读)

403. appoint

- 熟义:v. 任命(appoint sb. to)
例:He was appointed manager.(2023全国卷Ⅲ完形)
- 生义:v. 约定(appoint a time)
例:We appointed a meeting for tomorrow.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

404. appreciate

- 熟义:v. 欣赏(appreciate art)
例:I appreciate good music.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 感激(appreciate sb.'s help);v. 意识到(appreciate sth.)
例:I appreciate your kindness.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

405. approach

- 熟义:v. 接近(approach sb.)
例:Winter is approaching.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 方法(an approach to);n. 途径(an approach to a place)
例:This is a new approach to learning.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

406. approve

- 熟义:v. 批准(approve a plan)
例:The plan was approved.(2021全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 赞成(approve of)
例:I don't approve of his behavior.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

407. argue

- 熟义:v. 争论(argue with sb.)
例:They argued about money.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 论证(argue for/against);v. 表明(argue sth.)
例:He argued for changing the law.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

408. arise

- 熟义:v. 出现(arise from)
例:Problems arose during the project.(2021新高考Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 起身(arise from a seat)
例:She arose early in the morning.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形)

409. arrange

- 熟义:v. 安排(arrange sth.)
例:I arranged a meeting.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 整理(arrange books);v. 商定(arrange for)
例:She arranged the flowers in a vase.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

410. arrest

- 熟义:v. 逮捕(arrest sb.)
例:The police arrested the thief.(2021全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 吸引(arrest one's attention);n. 逮捕(make an arrest)
例:The beautiful view arrested her attention.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

411. arrive

- 熟义:v. 到达(arrive at/in)
例:We arrived at the station.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 达成(arrive at an agreement)
例:They finally arrived at a decision.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

412. artificial

- 熟义:adj. 人造的(artificial flowers)
例:This is artificial leather.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 虚假的(artificial smile)
例:Her smile looked artificial.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

413. ashamed

- 熟义:adj. 羞愧的(be ashamed of)
例:She was ashamed of her mistake.(2023全国卷Ⅲ完形)
- 生义:adj. 耻于(be ashamed to do)
例:He was ashamed to ask for help.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

414. aspect

- 熟义:n. 方面(different aspects)
例:We need to consider all aspects.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 外观(facial aspect)
例:Her face has a calm aspect.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

415. assess

- 熟义:v. 评估(assess sth.)
例:We need to assess the risk.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 估价(assess the value)
例:The house was assessed at 1 million yuan.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

416. assign

- 熟义:v. 分配(assign sth. to)
例:The teacher assigned homework.(2021新高考Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 指定(assign a task);v. 委派(assign sb. to)
例:He was assigned to a new job.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

417. assist

- 熟义:v. 帮助(assist sb. with)
例:She assisted me with the work.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 促进(assist development);n. 助手(an assist)
例:The new tool assists in saving time.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

418. associate

- 熟义:v. 联系(associate A with B)
例:People associate red with happiness.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 同事(business associate);adj. 副的(associate professor)
例:He is my associate at work.(2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读)

419. assume

- 熟义:v. 假定(assume that)
例:I assume he will come.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 承担(assume responsibility);v. 呈现(assume a form)
例:She assumed the role of leader.(2022全国卷Ⅰ完形)

420. assure

- 熟义:v. 使确信(assure sb. of)
例:I assure you of my support.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 保证(assure sth.)
例:The company assured delivery on time.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

421~440

421. astonish

- 熟义:v. 使惊讶(astonish sb.)
例:Her success astonished everyone.(2023全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:adj. 令人惊讶的(astonishing);adv. 惊人地(astonishingly)
例:It's astonishing how he survived.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

422. attach

- 熟义:v. 贴上(attach sth. to)
例:Attach the stamp to the envelope.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 依附(attach to);v. 重视(attach importance to)
例:She attaches great importance to education.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

423. attack

- 熟义:v./n. 攻击(attack sb.)
例:The dog attacked the boy.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 抨击(attack a policy);n. (疾病)发作(a heart attack)
例:The article attacked the government's plan.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

424. attempt

- 熟义:v./n. 尝试(attempt to do)
例:He attempted to climb the mountain.(2021新高考Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:n. 努力(make an attempt)
例:She made an attempt to finish the work.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

425. attend

- 熟义:v. 出席(attend a meeting)
例:I need to attend a lecture.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 照料(attend to);v. 注意(attend to sth.)
例:She attended to the injured man.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

426. attract

- 熟义:v. 吸引(attract sb.)
例:The garden attracts many bees.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 引起(attract attention)
例:Her dress attracted everyone's attention.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

427. attribute

- 熟义:v. 把...归因于(attribute to)
例:He attributed his success to hard work.(2023全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:n. 属性(a key attribute)
例:Patience is an important attribute.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

428. audience

- 熟义:n. 观众(a large audience)
例:The audience cheered loudly.(2021新高考Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 读者(the book's audience)
例:The book is popular with a young audience.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形)

429. author

- 熟义:n. 作者(the author of a book)
例:The author is famous worldwide.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 创作(author a book)
例:He authored three novels.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

430. automatic

- 熟义:adj. 自动的(automatic door)
例:This is an automatic machine.(2021全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:adj. 无意识的(automatic reaction)
例:Smiling is an automatic response for her.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

431. available

- 熟义:adj. 可获得的(available resources)
例:The book is available in the library.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 有空的(be available)
例:Are you available tomorrow?(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

432. average

- 熟义:adj. 平均的(average temperature)
例:The average age is 30.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 平均数(on average);adj. 普通的(average people)
例:On average, we work 8 hours a day.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

433. avoid

- 熟义:v. 避免(avoid doing)
例:I try to avoid mistakes.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 避开(avoid sb./sth.)
例:She avoided meeting him.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

434. award

- 熟义:n. 奖品(win an award)
例:He won an award for his work.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 授予(award sb. sth.)
例:The school awarded her a scholarship.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

435. aware

- 熟义:adj. 意识到的(be aware of)
例:I am aware of the problem.(2023全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:adj. 知道的(be aware that)
例:She was aware that he was lying.(2022全国卷Ⅱ阅读)

436. awful

- 熟义:adj. 可怕的(awful accident)
例:It was an awful experience.(2021全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:adj. 极坏的(awful weather);adv. 非常(awfully tired)
例:The weather is awful today.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

437. awkward

- 熟义:adj. 尴尬的(awkward situation)
例:I felt awkward at the party.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 笨拙的(awkward movement);adj. 难处理的(awkward problem)
例:He is awkward with tools.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

438. back

- 熟义:n. 背;v. 后退(back up)
例:She hurt her back.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 支持(back sb.);adj. 后面的(back door)
例:I will back your decision.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

439. balance

- 熟义:n. 平衡(keep balance)
例:She tried to keep her balance.(2023全国卷Ⅲ完形)
- 生义:v. 权衡(balance A and B);n. 余额(bank balance)
例:We need to balance work and life.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

440. ban

- 熟义:v./n. 禁止(ban sth.)
例:Smoking is banned here.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 禁令(a ban on)
例:There is a ban on plastic bags.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形)

441~460

441. bare

- 熟义:adj. 赤裸的(bare feet)
例:He walked on bare feet.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 光秃的(bare tree);v. 露出(bare sth.)
例:The hill is bare of trees.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

442. base

- 熟义:n. 基础(base of a building)
例:The base is made of stone.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 以...为基础(base on);n. 基地(military base)
例:The story is based on real events.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

443. basic

- 熟义:adj. 基本的(basic knowledge)
例:We need to learn basic skills.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 基础(the basics)
例:She taught me the basics of cooking.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

444. basis

- 熟义:n. 基础(on the basis of)
例:We make decisions on facts.(2021新高考Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:n. 根据(a basis for)
例:There is no basis for his claim.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

445. battle

- 熟义:n./v. 战斗(battle against)
例:They fought a long battle.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:n. 斗争(a battle with disease)
例:She won her battle with cancer.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

446. bear

- 熟义:v. 忍受(bear sth.)
例:I can't bear the noise.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 生育(bear a child);v. 承担(bear responsibility)
例:She bore two children.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

447. beat

- 熟义:v. 击打(beat sb.)
例:He beat the drum loudly.(2023全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:v. 打败(beat an opponent);v. 跳动(heart beat)
例:Our team beat theirs.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

448. beautiful

- 熟义:adj. 美丽的(beautiful girl)
例:She has a beautiful voice.(2021新高考Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 出色的(beautiful work)
例:He did a beautiful job.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形)

449. because

- 熟义:conj. 因为(because of)
例:I left because it was late.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:prep. 因为(because of)
例:He left because of the rain.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

450. become

- 熟义:v. 成为(become a doctor)
例:She became a teacher.(2021全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 适合(become sb.)
例:The dress becomes you.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

451. bed

- 熟义:n. 床(go to bed)
例:I made my bed.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 底部(bed of a river);v. 安置(bed sth.)
例:The river bed is dry.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

452. before

- 熟义:prep./conj. 在...之前
例:I arrived before him.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:adv. 以前(long before)
例:I have seen him before.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

453. begin

- 熟义:v. 开始(begin to do)
例:The meeting began at 9.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 着手(begin with)
例:Let's begin with the first question.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

454. behavior

- 熟义:n. 行为(good behavior)
例:Her behavior is excellent.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 表现(behavior in class)
例:The child's behavior improved.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

455. behind

- 熟义:prep. 在...后面
例:He stood behind me.(2023全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:adv. 落后(fall behind);n. 背后(the man behind)
例:She fell behind in her studies.(2022全国卷Ⅱ阅读)

456. believe

- 熟义:v. 相信(believe sb.)
例:I believe his story.(2021全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:v. 认为(believe that);v. 信任(believe in)
例:I believe he is honest.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

457. bell

- 熟义:n. 铃(ring the bell)
例:The bell rang for class.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 钟声(the bell of a church);v. 鸣钟(bell for)
例:We heard the church bell.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

458. belong

- 熟义:v. 属于(belong to)
例:The book belongs to me.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 应在(belong in)
例:She belongs in the music industry.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

459. below

- 熟义:prep./adv. 在...下面
例:The temperature is below zero.(2023全国卷Ⅲ完形)
- 生义:adj. 下列的(the below list)
例:See the below information.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

460. benefit

- 熟义:n. 利益(for the benefit of)
例:We work for our own benefit.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 受益(benefit from)
例:People benefit from exercise.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形)

461~480

461. bent

- 熟义:adj. 弯曲的(bent stick)
例:The tree has a bent branch.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 爱好(a bent for)
例:He has a bent for music.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

462. beside

- 熟义:prep. 在...旁边
例:She sat beside me.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:prep. 与...相比(beside the point)
例:Your comment is beside the point.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

463. besides

- 熟义:adv. 此外(besides, ...)
例:I like music. Besides, I play the guitar.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:prep. 除...之外(besides sb./sth.)
例:Besides you, no one knows.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

464. best

- 熟义:adj./adv. 最好的(best friend)
例:This is my best book.(2021新高考Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:n. 最好的人/物(the best of)
例:She is the best of the team.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

465. better

- 熟义:adj./adv. 更好的(better than)
例:This is better than that.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 改善(better oneself)
例:He studied to better himself.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

466. between

- 熟义:prep. 在...之间(between A and B)
例:Sit between us.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:adv. 中间(in between)
例:We have a break in between.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

467. beyond

- 熟义:prep. 超过(beyond time)
例:It's beyond midnight.(2023全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:prep. 超出(beyond understanding);adv. 在远处(look beyond)
例:The idea is beyond me.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

468. big

- 熟义:adj. 大的(big house)
例:He has a big family.(2021新高考Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 重要的(big event);adj. 年长的(big brother)
例:This is a big day for us.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形)

469. bill

- 熟义:n. 账单(pay the bill)
例:Can you pay the bill?(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 法案(a new bill);n. 海报(a concert bill)
例:The bill was passed by Congress.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

470. bind

- 熟义:v. 捆绑(bind sth.)
例:She bound the books with rope.(2021全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 约束(bind sb. to);v. 装订(bind a book)
例:He is bound by his promise.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

471. biology

- 熟义:n. 生物学(study biology)
例:I major in biology.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 生物特征(the biology of animals)
例:We study the biology of insects.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

472. bird

- 熟义:n. 鸟(a small bird)
例:A bird is singing.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 人(a strange bird)
例:He is a funny old bird.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

473. birth

- 熟义:n. 出生(date of birth)
例:Her birth was in 1990.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:n. 起源(birth of a new idea)
例:This is the birth of a new era.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

474. bite

- 熟义:v./n. 咬(bite sb.)
例:The dog bit my hand.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 上钩(bite the bait);n. 一口(a bite of food)
例:He bit the bait and invested.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

475. black

- 熟义:adj. 黑色的(black coat)
例:She wore a black dress.(2023全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 变黑(blacken);n. 黑人(the black)
例:The sky blackened at night.(2022全国卷Ⅱ阅读)

476. blame

- 熟义:v./n. 责备(blame sb. for)
例:I blame you for the mistake.(2021全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:v. 归咎于(blame sth. on)
例:He blamed the failure on bad luck.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

477. blank

- 熟义:adj. 空白的(blank paper)
例:Write on the blank page.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 空白(fill in the blank);adj. 无表情的(blank face)
例:She stared at me with a blank face.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

478. bless

- 熟义:v. 祝福(bless sb.)
例:God bless you.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 保佑(be blessed with)
例:She is blessed with health.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

479. blind

- 熟义:adj. 盲的(blind man)
例:He is blind in one eye.(2023全国卷Ⅲ完形)
- 生义:v. 使失明(blind sb.);adj. 盲目的(blind faith)
例:She is blind to her mistakes.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

480. block

- 熟义:n. 街区(a city block)
例:We walked three blocks.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 堵塞(block the road);n. 块(a block of wood)
例:The car blocked the entrance.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形)

481~500

481. blood

- 熟义:n. 血(blood type)
例:He donated blood.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 血统(blood relationship)
例:They share the same blood.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

482. blow

- 熟义:v. 吹(blow wind)
例:The wind blew hard.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 打击(a big blow);v. 爆炸(blow up)
例:The news was a blow to her.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

483. blue

- 熟义:adj. 蓝色的(blue sky)
例:The sea is blue.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 忧郁的(feel blue);n. 蓝色颜料(a tube of blue)
例:She felt blue after the exam.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

484. board

- 熟义:n. 板(a wooden board)
例:Write on the board.(2021新高考Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:v. 登机(board a plane);n. 委员会(the board of directors)
例:We boarded the train at 8.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷阅读)

485. boil

- 熟义:v. 煮沸(boil water)
例:Boil the water before drinking.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 沸腾(boil with anger);n. 沸点(at the boil)
例:He boiled with anger.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

486. bold

- 熟义:adj. 大胆的(bold plan)
例:She made a bold decision.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:adj. 粗体的(bold font);adj. 明显的(bold colors)
例:Use bold letters for the title.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

487. bone

- 熟义:n. 骨头(animal bones)
例:Dogs like bones.(2023全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:v. 剔骨(bone meat);adj. 基本的(bone structure)
例:The fish is boned for cooking.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

488. book

- 熟义:n. 书(read a book)
例:I bought a new book.(2021新高考Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 预订(book a ticket);n. 卷(a book of poems)
例:I booked a room online.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形)

489. border

- 熟义:n. 边界(national border)
例:They crossed the border.(2023全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 接壤(border on);n. 边缘(the border of a table)
例:The garden borders on a river.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

490. born

- 熟义:v. 出生(be born)
例:She was born in Paris.(2021全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:adj. 天生的(born musician)
例:He is a born leader.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷阅读)

491. borrow

- 熟义:v. 借(borrow sth. from)
例:I borrowed a pen from her.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:v. 借用(borrow an idea)
例:The design borrows from nature.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

492. both

- 熟义:adj./pron. 两者都(both...and...)
例:Both girls are happy.(2021全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:adv. 两者都(both of)
例:They both agreed.(2020全国卷Ⅰ完形)

493. bother

- 熟义:v. 打扰(bother sb.)
例:Don't bother me.(2023全国卷Ⅲ阅读)
- 生义:v. 费心(bother to do);n. 麻烦(a bother)
例:I didn't bother to cook.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

494. bottle

- 熟义:n. 瓶子(a glass bottle)
例:She drank a bottle of water.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 装瓶(bottle wine);n. 一瓶(a bottle of milk)
例:The wine is bottled in France.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷完形)

495. bottom

- 熟义:n. 底部(bottom of a cup)
例:The ball rolled to the bottom.(2023全国卷Ⅰ完形)
- 生义:adj. 最低的(bottom price);v. 到达底部(bottom out)
例:We got the bottom price.(2022全国卷Ⅱ阅读)

496. bound

- 熟义:adj. 一定的(be bound to)
例:He is bound to succeed.(2021全国卷Ⅱ完形)
- 生义:v. 跳跃(bound forward);n. 界限(within bounds)
例:The dog bounded towards me.(2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

497. bow

- 熟义:n. 弓;v. 鞠躬(bow to sb.)
例:He made a bow.(2023全国卷Ⅱ阅读)
- 生义:n. 蝴蝶结(a bow on a dress);v. 弯曲(bow under weight)
例:Her hair has a red bow.(2022全国卷Ⅲ阅读)

498. branch

- 熟义:n. 树枝(tree branch)
例:A bird sat on a branch.(2021新高考Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:n. 分支(a branch of a company);v. 分叉(branch off)
例:The bank has a branch here.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷完形)

499. brave

- 熟义:adj. 勇敢的(brave soldier)
例:She is a brave girl.(2023全国卷Ⅲ完形)
- 生义:v. 勇敢面对(brave the storm)
例:They braved the cold to help.(2022全国卷Ⅰ阅读)

500. break

- 熟义:v. 打破(break a glass)
例:He broke the window.(2021全国卷Ⅰ阅读)
- 生义:v. 违反(break a rule);n. 休息(take a break)
例:She broke the law.(2020全国卷Ⅱ完形) 🔥107期口碑认证!奇速英语冬令营,20省39000+孩子亲测验证!奇速英语思维导图故事记单词,AI查漏+演讲戏剧,7天突破词汇阅读,让学生在互动中爱上英语,实现能力与兴趣双提升。

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高中英语熟词生义50道练习题

 

1. The company decided to ______ the project due to financial problems. (abandon/absorb)

2. It takes time to ______ all the information from the report. (abandon/absorb)

3. All students have free ______ to the school’s digital resources. (access/account)

4. She gave a detailed ______ of her experience in the rainforest. (access/account)

5. He was ______ of cheating in the exam by the teacher. (accused/adapted)

6. This novel has been ______ into a popular TV series. (accused/adapted)

7. The manager will ______ the staff on the new safety rules tomorrow. (address/admit)

8. Only those with valid tickets are ______ to the concert hall. (address/admit)

9. You’d better book the hotel room ______ to get a discount. (in advance/of advantage)

10. The new policy will ______ small local businesses a lot. (advance/advantage)

11. Please ______ us immediately if there is any change in the schedule. (advise/affect)

12. She tried to ______ indifference when she heard the bad news. (advise/affect)

13. We can’t ______ to make such a serious mistake in the experiment. (afford/aid)

14. Modern technology can ______ the development of agriculture greatly. (afford/aid)

15. The main ______ of this organization is to protect wild animals. (agency/agent)

16. He works as a travel ______ and helps people plan their trips. (agency/agent)

17. The hot climate here doesn’t ______ me at all. (agree/aim)

18. The research team’s main ______ is to find a cure for the disease. (agree/aim)

19. I set the ______ for 6 o’clock to make sure I catch the early bus. (alarm/alcohol)

20. This restaurant doesn’t serve any ______ during lunchtime. (alarm/alcohol)

21. We should ______ enough time for traffic jams on the way to the airport. (allow/alter)

22. The design of the product was ______ to meet customers’ new needs. (allow/alter)

23. It’s ______ that he finished such a difficult task in just two days. (amazing/ambition)

24. His ______ to become a astronaut started when he was a little boy. (amazing/ambition)

25. The instructions for this machine are quite ______; few people can understand them. (ambiguous/amend)

26. He promised to ______ his bad habits and be more punctual. (ambiguous/amend)

27. The total cost of the trip ______ to more than 5,000 yuan. (amounts/analyzes)

28. The report ______ the causes of the economic crisis in detail. (amounts/analyzes)

29. The steam engine is considered the ______ of the modern train. (ancestor/ancient)

30. This ______ city has a history of over 2,000 years. (ancestor/ancient)

31. Her rude words ______ him so much that he left the room immediately. (anger/angle)

32. We need to look at this problem from a different ______. (anger/angle)

33. Dark clouds gathering in the sky ______ a heavy rain. (announce/annoy)

34. The constant noise from the construction site really ______ the residents. (announce/annoy)

35. The school’s ______ sports meeting will be held next month. (annual/anticipate)

36. The company failed to ______ the drop in sales and suffered great losses. (annual/anticipate)

37. She has a strong ______ to learn foreign languages well. (anxiety/appetite)

38. Lack of sleep can reduce one’s ______ for food. (anxiety/appetite)

39. You should ______ what you have learned in class to real-life situations. (apply/appoint)

40. They ______ a meeting with the client for next Wednesday. (apply/appoint)

41. I really ______ your help when I was in trouble last week. (appreciate/approach)

42. We need to find a new ______ to solve this environmental problem. (appreciate/approach)

43. The majority of the committee members ______ of the new proposal. (approve/argue)

44. He tried to ______ that the new policy would benefit everyone. (approve/argue)

45. A lot of problems ______ when we were carrying out the project. (arose/arranged)

46. She ______ the books on the shelf neatly before leaving the library. (arose/arranged)

47. The beautiful scenery at the top of the mountain ______ all the tourists’ attention. (arrested/arrived)

48. After a long discussion, they finally ______ at an agreement. (arrested/arrived)

49. The ______ smile on her face made us feel uncomfortable. (artificial/ashamed)

50. He was ______ to admit that he had made a mistake in the plan. (artificial/ashamed)

 

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答案及解析

 

1. abandon

解析:abandon 生义为“放弃”,符合“因财务问题放弃项目”的语境;absorb 意为“吸收;理解”,与句意不符。

2. absorb

解析:absorb 生义为“理解;掌握”,此处指“理解报告中的所有信息”;abandon 意为“抛弃;放弃”,不符合语境。

3. access

解析:access 生义为“机会;使用权”,“have access to”为固定搭配,意为“有使用……的机会”;account 意为“描述;账户”,不搭配。

4. account

解析:account 生义为“描述”,“give a detailed account of”意为“详细描述……”;access 意为“机会;通道”,不符合句意。

5. accused

解析:accused 是 accuse 的过去分词,生义为“控告;指责”,“be accused of”意为“被指控……”;adapted 意为“改编;适应”,与语境不符。

6. adapted

解析:adapted 是 adapt 的过去分词,生义为“改编”,“be adapted into”意为“被改编成……”;accused 意为“被指控的”,不符合句意。

7. address

解析:address 生义为“向……发表讲话;告知”,此处指“向员工讲解新安全规则”;admit 意为“允许进入;承认”,不搭配。

8. admit

解析:admit 生义为“允许进入”,“be admitted to”意为“被允许进入……”;address 意为“发表讲话;处理”,不符合语境。

9. in advance

解析:advance 生义为“预先的”,“in advance”为固定短语,意为“提前”;“of advantage”意为“有利的”,不贴合“预订酒店”的语境。

10. advantage

解析:advantage 生义为“有利于”,此处指“新政策对小企业有利”;advance 意为“前进;提前”,不符合句意。

11. advise

解析:advise 生义为“通知”,符合“有变化立即通知我们”的语境;affect 意为“影响;假装”,不搭配。

12. affect

解析:affect 生义为“假装”,此处指“假装冷漠”;advise 意为“建议;通知”,不符合语境。

13. afford

解析:afford 生义为“承担得起(后果)”,“can’t afford to do”意为“承担不起做……的后果”;aid 意为“帮助;援助”,不贴合句意。

14. aid

解析:aid 生义为“促进”,此处指“技术促进农业发展”;afford 意为“买得起;承担得起”,不符合语境。

15. agency

解析:agency 生义为“机构”,此处指“组织的主要机构”;agent 意为“代理人;动因”,不搭配。

16. agent

解析:agent 生义为“代理人”,“travel agent”意为“旅行社代理人”;agency 意为“机构”,不符合句意。

17. agree

解析:agree 生义为“适合(某人)”,此处指“气候不适合我”;aim 意为“瞄准;旨在”,不贴合语境。

18. aim

解析:aim 生义为“目标”,此处指“研究团队的主要目标”;agree 意为“同意;适合”,不符合句意。

19. alarm

解析:alarm 生义为“闹钟”,“set the alarm”意为“设闹钟”;alcohol 意为“酒精”,与语境不符。

20. alcohol

解析:alcohol 生义为“含酒精饮品”,此处指“午餐时间不提供含酒精饮品”;alarm 意为“警报;闹钟”,不符合句意。

21. allow

解析:allow 生义为“留出(时间、空间)”,此处指“留出足够时间应对交通堵塞”;alter 意为“改变;修改”,不搭配。

22. alter

解析:alter 生义为“修改;变更”,此处指“修改产品设计”;allow 意为“允许;留出”,不符合语境。

23. amazing

解析:amazing 是 amaze 的形容词形式,生义为“令人惊奇的”,此处指“他两天完成难题令人惊讶”;ambition 意为“野心;抱负”,不贴合。

24. ambition

解析:ambition 生义为“抱负;志向”,此处指“成为宇航员的志向”;amazing 意为“令人惊奇的”,不符合句意。

25. ambiguous

解析:ambiguous 生义为“模棱两可的;不明确的”,此处指“机器说明不明确”;amend 意为“修改;改进”,不搭配。

26. amend

解析:amend 生义为“改进;改正”,此处指“改正坏习惯”;ambiguous 意为“模棱两可的”,不符合语境。

27. amounts

解析:amounts 是 amount 的第三人称单数,生义为“总计”,“amount to”意为“总计达……”;analyzes 意为“分析”,不贴合句意。

28. analyzes

解析:analyzes 是 analyze 的第三人称单数,生义为“分析”,此处指“分析经济危机原因”;amounts 意为“总计”,不符合语境。

29. ancestor

解析:ancestor 生义为“原型;先驱”,此处指“蒸汽机是现代火车的原型”;ancient 意为“古代的”,不搭配。

30. ancient

解析:ancient 生义为“古老的”,此处指“有2000年历史的古城”;ancestor 意为“祖先;原型”,不符合句意。

31. anger

解析:anger 生义为“使愤怒”,此处指“她的话让他愤怒”;angle 意为“角度;钓鱼”,不贴合语境。

32. angle

解析:angle 生义为“角度”,“from a different angle”意为“从不同角度”;anger 意为“愤怒”,不符合句意。

33. announce

解析:announce 生义为“预示”,此处指“乌云预示大雨”;annoy 意为“使恼怒”,不搭配。

34. annoy

解析:annoy 生义为“使恼怒”,此处指“施工噪音让居民恼怒”;announce 意为“宣布;预示”,不符合语境。

35. annual

解析:annual 生义为“每年的”,“annual sports meeting”意为“年度运动会”;anticipate 意为“预期;预料”,不贴合句意。

36. anticipate

解析:anticipate 生义为“预期;预料”,此处指“未预料到销量下降”;annual 意为“每年的”,不符合语境。

37. anxiety

解析:anxiety 生义为“渴望”,“have an anxiety for”意为“渴望……”;appetite 意为“食欲;欲望”,常与“for food/knowledge”搭配,此处更侧重“渴望”。

38. appetite

解析:appetite 生义为“食欲”,此处指“睡眠不足降低食欲”;anxiety 意为“焦虑;渴望”,不搭配“for food”。

39. apply

解析:apply 生义为“应用”,“apply...to...”意为“把……应用到……”;appoint 意为“任命;约定”,不符合语境。

40. appoint

解析:appoint 生义为“约定”,“appoint a meeting”意为“约定会议”;apply 意为“申请;应用”,不符合句意。

41. appreciate

解析:appreciate 生义为“感激”,此处指“感激你上周的帮助”;approach 意为“接近;方法”,不搭配。

42. approach

解析:approach 生义为“方法”,此处指“找到新方法解决环境问题”;appreciate 意为“欣赏;感激”,不符合语境。

43. approve

解析:approve 生义为“赞成”,“approve of”意为“赞成……”;argue 意为“争论;论证”,不贴合句意。

44. argue

解析:argue 生义为“论证;表明”,此处指“论证新政策有益”;approve 意为“批准;赞成”,不符合语境。

45. arose

解析:arose 是 arise 的过去式,生义为“出现;产生”,此处指“项目执行中出现问题”;arranged 意为“安排”,不搭配。

46. arranged

解析:arranged 是 arrange 的过去式,生义为“整理”,此处指“整理书架上的书”;arose 意为“出现”,不符合语境。

47. arrested

解析:arrested 是 arrest 的过去式,生义为“吸引”,“arrest one’s attention”意为“吸引某人注意力”;arrived 意为“到达”,不贴合句意。

48. arrived

解析:arrived 是 arrive 的过去式,生义为“达成(协议等)”,“arrive at an agreement”意为“达成协议”;arrested 意为“逮捕;吸引”,不符合语境。

49. artificial

解析:artificial 生义为“虚假的”,此处指“虚假的微笑让人不适”;ashamed 意为“羞愧的”,不搭配。

50. ashamed

解析:ashamed 生义为“耻于……的”,“be ashamed to do”意为“耻于做……”;artificial 意为“人造的;虚假的”,不符合语境。

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