初中英语“阅读理解”答题技巧+高频词汇

 

无论是初中英语还是高中英语，想考高分，阅读理解一定要做好。初中英语阅读是考察学生通过阅读短文而对相关信息的加工情况，解题必须掌握两大技巧。

一、阅读的技巧

1、阅读时不要出声，养成快速阅读的好习惯，出声很拖节奏。

2、阅读时不要逐字阅读，要养成以意群为单位阅读的好习惯。

3、学会找关键词，关键句，关键句通常位于段落的开头或结尾，做好标记，不要来回找，浪费时间。

4、学会根据上下文猜测生词的词义。

二、答题的技巧

主旨题：此类题大多数针对段落或文章的主题思想、标题或目的。

1.从文章出发：文章主旨多在文章首尾段，每段首尾句。善于梳理文章的主次关系，勾画出文章中心句子。另外，一些表示转折的词语后面要格外注意，因为转折前是作者阐述的现象，而转折词之后才是作者自己的观点。

2.从选项出发：四个选项一定是有主次关系的，一般其他三个选项都是文章片面的一点，错误选项的特点就是以偏概全。结合文章大意，再认真研读四个选项，多半会发现选项中的主次关系。

细节题：这类题是针对文章的细节设计的。

在阅读理解题中占据很大的比重，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。细节题的做题方法主要是找关键词，有针对性地到文章中寻找细节，并结合选项。在做细节题的时候，我都会让学生认真分析每一个选项，每一个选项都能利用关键词在文章中找到出处，每找到一处一定要在下面划线做标记，顺手在旁边标上这是哪一题的哪个选项；除此之外，一定要将三错误选项都勾画出错误的地方，这样才能保证你选择的那个是正确答案。

推断题：在理解原文表面信息的基础上，做出判断和推理。

得出其隐含意义和深层意思。考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。凡是推断题一定不选原文信息的同义表述。做这类题要依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论

三、词汇的积累

阅读理解中最困难的就是单词意思的推理。很多同学不会结合上下文分析陌生单词，以下是初中英语高频词汇考察，注意多收集积累。

课后练习

THIS year the US Mint will honor one of the country’s most famous writers.

“Mark Twain”, the pen name of Samuel Clemens(1835-1911) is loved by American readers for his novels Tom Sawyer(1876) and The Adventures of Huckberry Finn(1844).

Now he is going to have his life and work commemorated(纪念) with special gold and silver coins.

But does Twain need to be commemorated? It doesn’t seem like people in the US will forget him. Twain once joked that a lack(缺少)of money is the root of all evil(邪恶)” but a lack of money with Twain’s famous face on it wouldn’t have made people forget about him.

The Adventures of Huckberry Finn is thought to be his greatest works.

Motherless Huck Finn is a young boy who shows the spirit of freedom. But it could be said that Huck’s freedom really comes from Huck wanting to fly. When Huck gets away from his violent(暴力的) father, he isn’t really looking for freedom, but survival.

It’s even more of a problem for a slave. Jim, the escaped(逃跑的) slave who Huck helps, makes Huck’s life seem even better. It’s easier not to be able to deal with someone who wants to force you to go to school than to have to fight a law that says you are a piece of property(财产).

Huck and Jim’s friendship, as shown by Mark Twain, is one of the great stories in American literature because it shows a white character, Huck, who gets an idea of the African American experience.

Mark Twain is famous and would still be famous without any special coins. Anyway, the coins could be a reason to look again at the work of a writer who got under the skin of the US in the 19th century.

With the race issue(种族问题) far from dead in the US today, perhaps Twain still has something to teach today’s readers.

1. How many novels is mentioned written by Mark Twain in this passage?

A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four

2. Why is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn considered Twain’s greatest works?

A. It talks about how a black slave runs away from his violent owner.

B. It describes an everlasting friendship between people of different races.

C. It describes the social problem that a lack of money is the root of all evil.

D. It talks about a white American understanding the African American experience.

3. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?

A. Huck gets away from his father for survival.

B. Jim escapes from his slave owner for freedom.

C. Twain dug deeply into American society of his times.

D. Without the special coins, he’ll probably be forgotten.

4. The underlined phrase “far from dead” probably means _______.

A. still being there. B. Becoming more serious.

C. Being in danger. D. Gone for a long time.

5. What’s the main purpose of the article?

A. To tell the story of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

B. To tell readers about the special coins created to honor Mark Twain.

C. To explore why the US still remembers and honors Mark Twain.

D. To draw readers’ attention to the many race issues in the US today.

参考答案：1B 2D 3D 4A 5C

Mobile phone has become a problem for middle schools. Some middle schools in Australia have banned students from carrying mobile phones during school hours.

Mobile phone use among children has become a problem for the school this year. Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas gifts, and more students will want them.

Mary Bluett, an official, said mobile phone’s use is a distraction to students during school hours and it also gives teachers so much trouble in their classrooms. Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams.

She said some schools had tried to ban mobile phones. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t get in touch with their children.

Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school, but if there was a good reason, they could leave their phones at school office. They also said there were many reasons why the students should not have mobile phones at school: they were easy to lose and were a distraction from studies.

Many people say that they understand why parents would want their children to have phones, but they think schools should let the students know when they can use their mobile phones.

1. Some middle schools in Australia have banned students from carrying mobile phones ___.

A．because they are students

B．when they are free

C．when they are at school

D．because they are children

2. We know from the passage that some children get mobile phones from ____.

A．the makers and sellers

B．the passer-by and strangers

C．their parents and friends

D．some mobile phone users

3. What does the underlined word cheat mean in the passage?

A. 聊天 B. 作弊 C. 查询 D. 核对

4. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t ___ during school hours.

A．use their mobile phones

B．leave their mobile phones at school office

C．help the teachers with their work

D．get in touch with their children

5. The passage tells us that ___.

A．students shouldn’t have mobile phones at school except for some special reasons

B．it is impossible to ban students from using mobile phone at school

C．some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t use their phones at school

D．parents should teach their children how to use mobile phones during school hours

参考答案：1C 2C 3B 4D 5A

Giving children opportunities to read different kinds of literature is very important for their success. Teachers, parents and community members should help students develop a love for reading. Not only is reading literature important in developing cognitive (认知的) skills to be able to succeed in a school or work setting,

but it is valuable for other reasons as well.

First, children’s literature provides students with the opportunity to react to literature and develop their own opinions about the topic. Great literature does not tell the reader everything he or she needs to know. It allows for some difference in opinion. One reader may take something completely different than the next reader, because of different ways of thinking and personal experiences. For younger children, wordless picture books are a good choice. Children reading a wordless book like A Ball for Daisy will be able to look at the pictures and develop their own dialogue for the story. This also helps them to form opinions on their own.

Second, children’s literature helps students develop emotional intelligence (情商). Stories have such power. For example, a book that encourages emotional intelligence is Selma. It discusses what it takes for a young sheep to be happy and challenges students to think about what happiness really is. And The Big Box is a story about children who lose their freedom and the deeper problems when having no freedom. Children’s literature encourages students to think deeper about their own feelings.

Finally, children’s literature encourages personality and social development. Children’s literature can help them become less egocentric. When children are young, they focus mainly on themselves. As they grow older, they begin to consider what other people want and how they feel. Children’s literature helps them develop into caring and friendly people.

Children’s literature can encourage social development by encouraging students to accept other people and their differences. Books like Molly’s Family and Daddy’s Roommate present situations that might encourage students to become more open-minded to different types of families and understand that love is the most important thing in a family. Literature encourages students to be considerate and friendly people, which can make students good citizens for the society.

Children’s literature is valuable both at school and at home. Teachers and parents should both be able to give students opportunities to read the best books to encourage these important values of literature and help the creation of responsible, successful, and caring persons.

1. What does the word “egocentric” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Ready to accept different opinions. B. Thinking deeper about one’s feelings.

C. Caring about oneself instead of others. D. Being caring, considerate and friendly.

2. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Students reading great literature will succeed at school.

B. Readers’ understandings about a story may be opposite.

C. It is challenging to understand what freedom really is.

D. Books about families are good for social development.

3. What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To tell children how to be successful at school and work.

B. To explain why children’s literature has so many values.

C. To introduce the social importance of children’s literature.

D. To encourage adults to develop children’s love for reading.

 

 

 

参考答案：1. C 2. B 3. D